Author of

• 20147

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  OA 17 - Immunotherapy II (ID 683)

  • Event: WCLC 2017
  • Type: Oral
  • Track: Immunology and Immunotherapy
  • Presentations: 1
  • Moderators:Yuichiro Ohe, Anne Tsao
  • Coordinates: 10/18/2017, 14:30 - 16:15, Room 301 + 302

  • 23600

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    OA 17.06 - Updated Analysis of KEYNOTE-024: Pembrolizumab vs Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for Advanced NSCLC With PD-L1 TPS ≥50% (ID 9582)

    15:25 - 15:35  |  Author(s): A. Riccio
    • Abstract
    • Presentation
    • Slides

    Background:
    KEYNOTE-024 (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02142738) is a multicenter, international, phase 3, randomized, open-label, controlled trial of treatment with the anti‒PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab vs platinum-based chemotherapy as first-line therapy for patients with advanced NSCLC of any histology with PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) ≥50% and without EGFR mutations or ALK translocations. Results from the primary analysis of KEYNOTE-024 demonstrated that after a median follow-up of 11.2 months, pembrolizumab significantly improved PFS (HR=0.50; P<0.001) and OS (HR=0.60; P=0.005) and was associated with a lower rate of treatment-related AEs compared with chemotherapy.
    
    Method:
    Patients were randomly assigned to receive either 35 cycles of pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks or 4–6 cycles of investigator's choice of carboplatin/cisplatin + gemcitabine, carboplatin + paclitaxel, or carboplatin/cisplatin + pemetrexed with optional pemetrexed maintenance (for those with non-squamous histology). Randomization was stratified by ECOG performance status (0 vs 1), histology (squamous vs nonsquamous), and geographic region (East Asia vs non–East Asia). Treatment continued until disease progression per RECIST version 1.1, intolerable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent. Patients in the chemotherapy arm who experienced disease progression could cross over to receive pembrolizumab monotherapy. Response was assessed every 9 weeks by blinded independent central review per RECIST version 1.1. The primary endpoint was PFS; secondary endpoints were OS, ORR, and safety.
    
    Result:
    305 patients were enrolled (pembrolizumab, n=154; chemotherapy, n=151). At the time of data cutoff (July 10, 2017) after a median follow-up of 25.2 months, 73 patients (47.4%) in the pembrolizumab arm and 96 patients (63.6%) in the chemotherapy arm had died. The hazard ratio for OS was 0.63 (95% CI, 0.47–0.86; nominal P=0.002). Median (95% CI) OS was 30.0 (18.3–not reached) months in the pembrolizumab arm and 14.2 (9.8–19.0) months in the chemotherapy arm. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of OS at 12 months was 70.3% (95% CI, 62.3%–76.9%) for the pembrolizumab group and 54.8% (95% CI, 46.4%–62.4%) for the chemotherapy group. 82 patients allocated to the chemotherapy arm crossed over to receive pembrolizumab upon meeting eligibility criteria. Treatment-related adverse events were less frequent in the pembrolizumab arm than in the chemotherapy arm (76.6% versus 90.0%, respectively) as were treatment-related grade 3-5 adverse events (31.2% versus 53.3%).
    
    Conclusion:
    With more than half of patients having OS events and prolonged follow‒up, first-line pembrolizumab monotherapy remains superior to platinum-based chemotherapy despite the crossover from the control arm to an anti-PD1 inhibitor as subsequent therapy.
    
    

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