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M. Tiseo
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MA07 - ALK-ROS1 in Advanced NSCLC (ID 385)
- Event: WCLC 2016
- Type: Mini Oral Session
- Track: Advanced NSCLC
- Presentations: 1
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MA07.06 - Crizotinib in ROS1 Rearranged or MET Deregulated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Preliminary Results of the METROS Trial (ID 6003)
11:36 - 11:42 | Author(s): M. Tiseo
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background:
Crizotinib is an orally active inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases effective in NSCLC with ALK rearrangement. Recent data showed that this agent is dramatically effective in patients with ROS1 rearrangement and at least in some patients with MET deregulation, particularly individuals with exon 14 skipping mutations or with high levels of MET amplification.
Methods:
The METROS trial is a multicenter prospective phase II study designed to assess the efficacy and safety and tolerability of Crizotinib in pretreated metastatic NSCLC with MET amplification or MET exon 14 mutation or ROS1 rearrangement. The co-primary end-point was response rate to crizotinib in two cohorts of patients: cohort A) ROS1+: patients with ROS1 rearrangement; B) MET+: patients with MET amplification defined as ratio MET/CEP7 >2.2 on FISH testing or MET exon 14 skipping mutations. Eligible patients were treated with with crizotinib at the standard dose of 250 mg BID p.o.
Results:
At the time of the present analysis, preliminary data on the MET cohort are available. A total of 249 patients were screened and 18 resulted as MET+ (12 amplified and 6 mutated). Among them, 10 patients (9 amplified and 1 mutated) were included onto the study and received at least one dose of crizotinib, 6 patients were not eligibible beacause of not progressing to front line therapy, whereas 2 patients did not received crizotinib due to rapidly progressive disease. Characteristics of enrolled patients were: median age 68 years (range 39-77); male/female 8/2; ECOG PS 0/1/2: 6/3/1. In 8 cases crizotinib was offered as second-line therapy. All but one patients were current or past smokers. According to RECIST criteria, 2 partial responses and 4 stable disease were so far documented, with an overall disease control rate of 60%. Three patients are still on treatment. Therapy was generally well tolerated, with only 1 patient delaying therapy due to adverse events. Enrollment is still ongoing.
Conclusion:
Preliminary analysis of the METROS trial supports the potential efficacy of crizotinib in patients with MET deregulation, with a favorable toxicity profile. Updated results including median progression-free survival and survival were will be presented at the meeting.
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OA08 - Targeted Therapies in Brain Metastases (ID 381)
- Event: WCLC 2016
- Type: Oral Session
- Track: Advanced NSCLC
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:D. Ball, B. Perin
- Coordinates: 12/05/2016, 16:00 - 17:30, Schubert 1
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OA08.06 - Brigatinib Activity in Patients with ALK+ NSCLC and Intracranial CNS Metastases in Two Clinical Trials (ID 4374)
16:55 - 17:05 | Author(s): M. Tiseo
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background:
Patients treated with crizotinib often experience disease progression in the brain. Brigatinib, an investigational next-generation ALK inhibitor, is being evaluated in an ongoing phase 1/2 trial (Ph1/2) and an ongoing pivotal phase 2 trial (ALTA).
Methods:
In Ph1/2, patients with advanced malignancies, including ALK+ NSCLC, received 30–300 mg brigatinib per day. In ALTA, patients with crizotinib-resistant advanced ALK+ NSCLC received 90 mg qd (arm A) or 180 mg qd with a 7-day lead-in at 90 mg (arm B). Efficacy (in both trials) and safety (in ALTA) are reported for ALK+ NSCLC patients with brain metastases at baseline.
Results:
In Ph1/2 and ALTA, 50/79 (63%; IRC-assessed) and 154/222 (69%; investigator-assessed) of ALK+ NSCLC patients, respectively, had baseline brain metastases. In Ph1/2 (n=50), median age was 53 years, 76% received prior chemotherapy, and 8% were crizotinib-naive. In ALTA (n=154), median age was 52 years; 75% received prior chemotherapy. As of November 16, 2015, 25/50 (50%) patients were receiving brigatinib in Ph1/2; as of February 29, 2016, 101/154 (66%) patients were receiving brigatinib in ALTA. For patients with measurable lesions, confirmed iORR was 53% in Ph1/2 and 42%/67% in ALTA A/B (Table). Among patients with only nonmeasurable lesions (Ph1/2, n=31; ALTA A/B, n=54/n=55), 35% had confirmed complete resolution of lesions in Ph1/2; 7%/18% had confirmed complete resolution in ALTA A/B. For all evaluable patients with baseline brain metastases, median intracranial PFS was 15.6 months in Ph1/2 (n=46) and 15.6/12.8 months in ALTA A/B (n=80/n=73). Most common treatment-emergent adverse events in ALTA in patients with baseline brain metastases (n=151 treated): nausea (A/B, 32%/43%), headache (30%/30%), diarrhea (18%/36%), cough (21%/30%), vomiting (25%/26%); grade ≥3 (excluding neoplasm progression): increased blood CPK (1%/11%), hypertension (4%/7%), increased lipase (3%/3%), pneumonia (1%/4%).
Conclusion:
Brigatinib has demonstrated substantial clinical activity in ALK+ NSCLC patients with brain metastases in both Ph1/2 and ALTA.IRC-Assessed Confirmed Intracranial Response Rates for Patients With Measurable Brain Metastases at Baseline
Any No rad/active[a] Ph1/2[b] n=15 n=9 iORR 8(53) 6(67) iDCR 13(87) 8(89) ALTA[c] Arm A n=26 n=19 iORR 11(42) 8(42) iDCR 22(85) 16(84) Arm B n=18 n=15 iORR 12(67) 11(73) iDCR 15(83) 14(93) Data are n(%) iDCR=intracranial disease control rate iORR=intracranial objective response rate IRC=independent review committee [a]No prior brain radiotherapy (Ph1/2); active (untreated or treated and progressed) brain lesions (ALTA) [b]NCT01449461; last scan date: October 8, 2015 [c]NCT02094573; last scan date: April 14, 2016
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P2.01 - Poster Session with Presenters Present (ID 461)
- Event: WCLC 2016
- Type: Poster Presenters Present
- Track: Biology/Pathology
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 12/06/2016, 14:30 - 15:45, Hall B (Poster Area)
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P2.01-062 - Impact of the Tissue Distribution of Subpopulations of TILs and PD-L1 Expression on the Clinical Outcome of NSCLC (ID 5715)
14:30 - 14:30 | Author(s): M. Tiseo
- Abstract
Background:
The number and function of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) represent an important prognostic factor in cancer. Among the multiple immune escape mechanisms triggered by cancer, the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint seems to play a central role. Accordingly, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have shown significant clinical results in multiresistant NSCLC. However, the role of this immune checkpoint on tumor biology and clinical outcome remains to be determined. To this end, the number and distribution of subpopulations of TILs together with the quantification of PD-L1 expression were immunohistochemically assessed in NSCLC and their impact on patients survival evaluated.
Methods:
Histologic sections from 106 NSCLC (46 ADC,60 SCC) were morphometrically analysed after immunohistochemical assessment of the incidence of CD3+, CD8+ and PD-1+ TILs and their proximal or distal location with respect to neoplastic cells. A comparative evaluation between immuneperoxidase and immunofluorescence (IF) on control tissues and on serial sections from the same cases was undertaken using three different anti-PD-L1 antibodies (clones:28-8,SP142 and M4420). Following suitability criteria, PD-L1 was measured by confocal quantitative IF. Neoplastic and stromal expression of PD-L1 was ascertained by the simultaneous IF detection of Cytokeratin (CK). Morphometric data and clinical records were subjected to Kaplan Meier estimation.
Results:
The gradient of lymphocyte subsets according to their hierarchical phenotype was maintained in both NSCLC, however, the number of CD3[+] TILs was 1.8-fold higher in ADC vs SCC in the presence of similar density of CD8[+] and PD-1[+ ]cells. EGFR and K-RAS mutations conditioned the ADC immune microenvironment by altering CD8[+] and PD-1[+] distribution. High intra- and inter-patients variability in PD-L1 levels was expectedly observed although the average value in SCC samples was higher compared to ADC . K-RAS and to a less extent EGFR mutations were associated with a lower PD-L1 expression. Significant PD-L1 labelling of stromal cells was present in 10% of cases. Interestingly, a lower expression of CK in cells with high PD-L1 signal and the occasional presence of neoplastic plugs overexpressing PD-L1 and lacking CK were documented. Although the number of TILs and PD-L1 levels tended to positively correlate with OS in the entire population of NSCLC, in the individulal cohort of ADC and SCC patients only low number of intratumor PD-1[+] lymphocytes was statistically associated with a significant increased (>10months) OS.
Conclusion:
High levels of PD-L1 and reduction of its cellular target are associated with improved clinical outcome in NSCLC suggesting that adoption by TILs of local escape from PD-L1 pressure delays tumor progression.
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P3.02a - Poster Session with Presenters Present (ID 470)
- Event: WCLC 2016
- Type: Poster Presenters Present
- Track: Advanced NSCLC
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 12/07/2016, 14:30 - 15:45, Hall B (Poster Area)
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P3.02a-013 - Brigatinib in Crizotinib-Refractory ALK+ NSCLC: Central Assessment and Updates from ALTA, a Pivotal Randomized Phase 2 Trial (ID 4046)
14:30 - 14:30 | Author(s): M. Tiseo
- Abstract
Background:
Brigatinib, an investigational next-generation ALK inhibitor, has yielded promising activity in crizotinib-treated ALK+ NSCLC patients in a phase 1/2 trial (NCT01449461). As responses and adverse events (AEs) varied with starting dose, two brigatinib regimens are under evaluation in ALTA (NCT02094573).
Methods:
Patients with crizotinib-refractory advanced ALK+ NSCLC were randomized 1:1 to receive brigatinib at 90 mg qd (arm A) or 180 mg qd with a 7-day lead-in at 90 mg (arm B) and stratified by presence of brain metastases at baseline and best response to prior crizotinib. Primary endpoint was investigator-assessed confirmed ORR per RECIST v1.1.
Results:
222 patients were enrolled (arm A, n=112/arm B, n=110). Median age (A/B) was 51/57 years, 55%/58% were female, 74%/74% previously received chemotherapy, and 71%/67% had brain metastases. As of February 29, 2016, 64/112 (57%) patients in arm A and 76/110 (69%) patients in arm B were receiving brigatinib; median follow-up was 7.8/8.3 months. The Table shows investigator-assessed endpoints by arm and subgroup for select baseline characteristics. Independent review committee–assessed endpoints (A/B, n=112/n=110; as of May 16, 2016): confirmed ORR 48%/53%, median PFS 9.2/15.6 months. Any-grade treatment-emergent AEs (≥25% overall frequency; A/B, n=109/n=110 treated): nausea (33%/40%), diarrhea (19%/38%), headache (28%/27%), cough (18%/34%); grade ≥3 events (excluding neoplasm progression; ≥3% frequency): hypertension (6%/6%), increased blood CPK (3%/9%), pneumonia (3%/5%), increased lipase (4%/3%). A subset of pulmonary AEs with early onset (median onset: Day 2) occurred in 14/219 (6%) treated patients (3%, grade ≥3); 7/14 patients were successfully retreated. No such events occurred after escalation to 180 mg in arm B.
Conclusion:
In each arm, brigatinib yielded substantial responses and prolonged PFS, with an acceptable safety profile. 180 mg with 90 mg lead-in was not associated with increased early pulmonary events and showed a consistent improvement in efficacy, compared with 90 mg, particularly with respect to PFS.Investigator-Assessed Endpoints by Arm and Subgroup
Confirmed ORR, n/N(%) Median PFS, months Arm A B A+B A B A+B All patients 50/112(45) 59/110(54) 109/222(49) 9.2 12.9 11.1 Prior chemotherapy Yes 35/83(42) 44/81(54) 79/164(48) 8.8 12.9 11.8 No 15/29(52) 15/29(52) 30/58(52) 9.2 8.1 9.2 Race Asian 18/39(46) 18/30(60) 36/69(52) 8.8 11.1 11.1 Non-Asian 32/73(44) 41/80(51) 73/153(48) 9.2 12.9 11.8 Brain metastases at baseline Yes 31/80(39) 43/74(58) 74/154(48) 9.2 11.8 11.1 No 19/32(59) 16/36(44) 35/68(51) 7.4 15.6 15.6 Best response to prior crizotinib Partial+complete 36/71(51) 47/73(64) 83/144(58) 11.1 15.6 15.6 Other 14/41(34) 12/37(32) 26/78(33) 7.4 12.9 9.2 ORR=objective response rate PFS=progression-free survival
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P3.02c - Poster Session with Presenters Present (ID 472)
- Event: WCLC 2016
- Type: Poster Presenters Present
- Track: Advanced NSCLC
- Presentations: 2
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 12/07/2016, 14:30 - 15:45, Hall B (Poster Area)
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P3.02c-092 - Nivolumab in Multi-Treated Patients with Advanced Sq-NSCLC: Data from the Italian Cohort of Expanded Access Programme (EAP) (ID 4792)
14:30 - 14:30 | Author(s): M. Tiseo
- Abstract
Background:
The prognosis of patients with advanced Sq-NSCLC worsens with the increase of the number of treatment linesand no effective therapeutic options were available for those refractory patients so far.Nivolumab demonstrated significant benefits against the SoC docetaxel in 2[nd] line treatment of advanced sq-NSCLC. In the real life experience of the EAP we could assess the clinical activity and tolerability of nivolumab not only in patients treated in 2[nd] line but also in patients who had received at least 2 lines of therapy prior than nivolumab.
Methods:
Nivolumab was provided upon physician request for patients aged ≥18 years who had relapsed after a minimum of 1 prior systemic treatment for stage IIIB/stage IV Sq-NSCLC. Nivolumab 3 mg/kg was administered intravenously every 2 weeks for <24 months. Pts included in the analysis had received ≥1 dose of nivolumab and were monitored for adverse events (AEs) using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 4.03).
Results:
210 patients, corresponding to 56.4% of the entire Italian cohort (n=372), received nivolumab after at least 2 prior lines of chemotherapy in the EAP: 120 (57.1%), 69 (32.9%) and 21 (10%) had received 2, 3 and > 3 prior lines of therapy, respectively. Response was evaluable in 204 patients: with a median number of 8 doses (range, 1–24) and a median follow-up of 5.1 months, the disease control rate was 47%, with 3 patients (1%) in complete response, 30 patients (14%) in partial response and 66 patients (32%) in stable disease. 36 patients (17%) were treated beyond RECIST-defined progression, with 11 of them achieving disease control. As of April 2016, median progression-free survival and median overall survival were respectively 3.8 and 11.2 months. 117/210 patients (55.7%) discontinued treatment for any reason except toxicity; 11 out of 210 (5.2%) discontinued due to AEs.
Conclusion:
These findings showed that nivolumab provided clinical activity with a manageable safety profile in patients with advanced, refractory Sq-NSCLC. These data suggest that nivolumab can be a treatment option for patients failing more than one line of chemotherapy.
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P3.02c-095 - Italian Nivolumab Expanded Access Programme: Efficacy and Safety Data in Squamous Non Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients (ID 5159)
14:30 - 14:30 | Author(s): M. Tiseo
- Abstract
Background:
Nivolumab monotherapy has shown survival benefit in patients (pts) with melanoma, lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma and head and neck cancer. The experience of pts and physicians in routine clinical practice is often different from those in a controlled clinical trial setting. Here, we report efficacy and safety of nivolumab monotherapy in pts with squamous non small cell lung cancer (Sq-NCSLC) treated in the nivolumab Expanded Access Programme in Italy.
Methods:
Nivolumab was available upon physician request for pts aged ≥18 years who had relapsed after a minimum of one prior systemic treatment for stage IIIB/stage IV Sq-NSCLC. Nivolumab 3 mg/kg wass administered intravenously every 2 weeks to a maximum of 24 months. Pts included in the analysis had received at least 1 dose of nivolumab and were monitored for adverse events (AE) using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events.
Results:
In total, 371 Italian pts participated in the EAP across 96 centres and 363 patients were evaluable for response. With a median follow-up of 5.2 months (range 0-12.9) and a median of 7 doses, the best overall response rate (BORR) was 18%, with 3 complete responses (CR) and 62 partial responses (PR), and the disease control rate (DCR) was 47%. DCR was comparable among pts regardless previous lines of therapy, brain metastasis, age and smoking habits. A non-conventional benefit was observed in 23 (17 SD and 6 PR) out of 66 pts treated beyond RECIST defined progression. As of April 2016, median progression-free survival and median overall survival were 3.9 (95% CI: 3.2-4.6) and 9.1 (95% CI: 6.7-11.5) months, respectively. Regarding the safety profile, 267 out of 371 pts (72%) had at least one AE of any grade, considered to be drug-related in 106 pts (29%). Grade 3/4 AE were reported in 66 pts and considered to be drug-related in 20 pts (5%). AE were generally manageable following the specific guidelines.
Conclusion:
To date, this is the largest clinical experience with nivolumab in a real-world setting. These preliminary EAP data seems to confirm the efficacy and safety data of nivolumab from registrational trials, supporting its use in current clinical practice for pre-treated pts with Sq-NCSLC.
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P3.03 - Poster Session with Presenters Present (ID 473)
- Event: WCLC 2016
- Type: Poster Presenters Present
- Track: Mesothelioma/Thymic Malignancies/Esophageal Cancer/Other Thoracic Malignancies
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:
- Coordinates: 12/07/2016, 14:30 - 15:45, Hall B (Poster Area)
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P3.03-012 - Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes, PDL-1, BAP-1, VEGFR-2 and IGF-1R Expression in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (ID 4142)
14:30 - 14:30 | Author(s): M. Tiseo
- Abstract
Background:
to investigate whether there was any relationship between survival and the expression of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), programmed cell-death-ligand-1 (PDL-1), BAP-1 (BRCA1-Associated Protein 1), VEGFR-2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2) and IGF-1R (Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor) in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM).
Methods:
63 cases of MPM were identified. All tissues were obtained at the time of diagnosis. There were 40 males; mean age was 70.4 years. 34 patients were smokers and 40 had a certain history of asbestos exposure. All histological slides were revised; there were 30 epithelioid subtypes, 20 biphasics and 13 sarcomatoids. The presence of TILs was scored as absent, weak, moderate and strong according to a quantitative assessment on hematoxylin and eosin slides. The expression of BAP-1, VEGFR-2, PDL-1 and IGF-1R was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The impact of asbestos exposure, tobacco consumption and histological subtypes on survival were also assessed. The survival analysis was analyzed by Kaplan Meier curve.
Results:
TILs were present in 89% of cases and were found to be a favorable prognostic factor (p=0.009) although related with histological subtypes (p=0.008). The absence of TILs was higher in biphasic and sarcomatoid subtypes (90.9%, 30/33) compared to epithelioid MPM (53.3%, 16/30 p<0.001). Median survival in TILs and non-TILs patients was 28 months and 11 months, respectively. The expression of PDL-1 in tumor cells (cut-off: 10%, p=0.028) and VEGFR-2 in TILs (p=0.003) were related with survival, but they were differently expressed in histological subtypes. Using a logistic regression model, TILs, PDL-1 and VEGFR-2 in TILs correctly classified 21/30 epithelioid subtypes (70%) and 29/33 biphasic and sarcomatoid subtypes (87.9%). IGF-1R was overexpressed in 82% of the tumors (21 epitheliods and 31 sarcomatoids) and in 25% of TILs (7 epitheliods and 3 sarcomatoids) and was a favorable prognostic factor (p=0.023) independently of the histological subtype. Median survival was 4 and 13 months in patients not overexpressing and overexpressing IGF-1R, respectively. In a Cox regression model including both IGF-1R and histological subtype, IGF-1R remained significant [p=0.006, HR=0.41 (0.20-0.84)]. Tobacco, asbestos exposure, age and BAP-1 expression were not significantly related with survival.
Conclusion:
the histological subtype is an important prognostic factor in MPM and it’s related to different histological markers: the presence of TILs, PDL-1 and VEGFR-2 in TILs. Moreover, the overexpression of IGF-1R is an independent favorable prognostic factor. Therefore, histological markers may improve the prognostic assessment of MPM and provide mechanistic clues for new therapeutic strategies.
