Author of

• 16637

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  P1.03 - Poster Session with Presenters Present (ID 455)

  • Event: WCLC 2016
  • Type: Poster Presenters Present
  • Track: Radiology/Staging/Screening
  • Presentations: 1
  • Moderators:
  • Coordinates: 12/05/2016, 14:30 - 15:45, Hall B (Poster Area)

  • 16686

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    P1.03-049 - Smoking Patterns in a Predominantly African American Population Undergoing Lung Cancer Screening (ID 5984)

    14:30 - 14:30  |  Author(s): L.R. Kaiser
    • Abstract

    Background:
    Patients within the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) undergoing low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) lung cancer screening (LCS) with abnormal results were more likely to quit smoking (Tammemagi et al.). However, these results may not be generalizable to underserved, ethnic minorities. Despite high incidence and mortality of smoking-related lung cancer among African Americans (AAs), few efficacy smoking cessation trials in the context of LDCT-LCS include a large representation of AAs. Thus, we studied smoking patterns in a predominantly AA population undergoing lung cancer screening.
    
    Methods:
    In a predominantly AA population we studied those undergoing LDCT-LCS (n=146). These patients received shared decision making, LDCT-LCS, results and smoking cessation in a single visit. Patients self-reported smoking status six months following LDCT.
    
    Results:
    Of 146 patients receiving lung cancer screening, 100 (68%) are AAs, 30 (21%) Caucasians, 14 (10%) Hispanics and 2 (1%) Asians. Smoking history was a mean of 49 pack years, median of 42 pack years with 60% current smokers. Of the 88 active smokers, 86 received greater than 10 minutes of smoking cessation counseling, 61 received a prescription for smoking cessation medications, and 60 agreed to follow up smoking cessation appointments. The overall quit rate was 11% (10 out of 88 active smokers). Quit rate for smokers who declined medical assistance was 4% (1 out of 28). Smokers who attended follow up visits in addition to receiving a personalized combination of smoking cessation medications had a quit rate of 33% (5 out of 15). Quit rate was 20% for people with normal LDCT, Lung-RADS category 1 (8 out of 40) and 5% for people with benign appearing nodules, Lung-RADS category 2 (2 out of 41). None of the 3 people with nodules requiring further follow up, Lung-RADS category 3, or the 4 people with nodules suspicious for cancer Lung-RADS category 4, quit smoking within 6 months of their LDCT.
    
    Conclusion:
    In a predominantly AA population, 60% of screened LDCT-LCS were active smokers, only 11% quit despite a rigorous smoking cessation program. Different from the NLST population, our findings indicate that patients without suspicious nodules were more likely to quit than those with suspicious nodules. The causes of these differing results are unknown. We theorize that the differences may be due to biological, cultural, psychological and socioeconomic factors. We suggest that future research should aim to examine these factors to identify barriers and facilitators to changing smoking behaviors among those undergoing LDCT-LCS.