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S.E. Dahlberg



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    OA04 - Epidemiology and Prevention of Lung Cancer (ID 370)

    • Event: WCLC 2016
    • Type: Oral Session
    • Track: Epidemiology/Tobacco Control and Cessation/Prevention
    • Presentations: 1
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      OA04.02 - Smoking Behavior in Patients with Early Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Report from ECOG-ACRIN 1505 Trial (ID 5385)

      11:10 - 11:20  |  Author(s): S.E. Dahlberg

      • Abstract
      • Presentation
      • Slides

      Background:
      Approximately 85% of lung cancer is related to cigarette smoking. Smoking cessation has been reported to benefit patients even after the diagnosis of lung cancer. We studied the smoking behavior of patients with lung cancer in a phase 3 study for early stage lung cancer.

      Methods:
      The ECOG-ACRIN 1505 study enrolled patients with stages IB, II and IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after they had undergone surgical resection. It was designed to evaluate whether the addition of bevacizumab would improve survival relative to cisplatin-based chemotherapy alone. Studying the correlation between smoking status and outcome was a secondary endpoint. Patients completed a questionnaire about their smoking habits at baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after study entry.

      Results:
      Out of 1501 patients enrolled, 99%, 90%, 85%, 82% and 80% responded to the questionnaire at baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months respectively. Nearly 90% reported having smoking during their lifetime. At study entry, 12% reported ongoing smoking. The median age patients started smoking was 17 years and the median age at which they quit smoking was 55 years. The median number of cigarettes smoked per day was 20. Approximately 4% smoked cigars (median number 2/day). Of the 40% that reported smoking after the diagnosis of lung cancer, only 15% reported smoking at 12 months. At 12 months after study entry, among those who continued to smoke, 79% reported smoking fewer cigarettes/day, whereas 11% smoked more cigarettes. When asked about the number of cigarettes smoked at 12 mos, 63% reported smoking fewer than 10 cigarettes/day. The incidence of grades 3-5 toxicity was 76% in smokers versus 69% in non-smokers (p=0.06). There were no differences in dose reductions for chemotherapy (P=0.55) or bevacizumab (P=0.90) between smokers and non-smokers. The median number of chemotherapy cycles were nearly identical for smokers and never-smokers. The disease-free survival (DFS) and OS for smokers relative to never-smokers were 0.97 (P=0.83) and 1.54 (P=0.01) respectively.

      Conclusion:
      This is the first comprehensive, prospective report of smoking habits of patients with lung cancer. There were a high rate of smoking cessation and reduction in number of cigarettes smoked, that was maintained at 12m after study entry. Toxicity and DFS did not differ significantly between smokers and never-smokers, though overall survival was more favorable with the never-smokers. Study was coordinated by ECOG-ACRIN (Robert L. Comis, M.D., Chair) and supported in part by Public Health Service Grants CA180820, CA180888, CA180821, & CA180863.

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