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E. Munarini



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    PLEN 04 - Presidential Symposium Including Top 4 Abstracts (ID 86)

    • Event: WCLC 2015
    • Type: Plenary
    • Track: Plenary
    • Presentations: 1
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      PLEN04.07 - Stopping Smoking Reduces Mortality in Low-Dose Computed Tomography (LDCT) Screening Volunteers (ID 2458)

      11:51 - 12:03  |  Author(s): E. Munarini

      • Abstract
      • Presentation
      • Slides

      Background:
      The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) has achieved a 7% reduction in mortality from any cause with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening, as compared with the chest radiography arm. Other randomized trials are under way, comparing LDCT screening with no intervention in heavy smokers populations. None of these studies is designed to investigate the impact of smoking habits on screening outcome. In the present study, we have tested the effect of stopping smoking on the overall mortality of volunteers undergoing LDCT screening.

      Methods:
      Between 2000 and 2010, 3381 heavy smokers aged more than 50 years were enrolled in two LDCT screening programmes. Sixty-nine percent were males with median age of 58 years and median smoking exposure of 40 pack-years. Based on the last follow-up information, subjects were divided in two groups: current smokers throughout the screening period, and former smokers. The latter group included ex-smokers at the time of baseline screening (early quitters), and those who stopped smoking during the screening period (late quitters).The effect of smoking on mortality was adjusted according to the following covariates: gender, age, body-mass index (BMI), lung function (FEV1 %) and pack years at baseline.

      Results:
      With a median follow-up time of 9.7 years, and a total of 32,857 person/years (P/Y) follow-up, a total of 151 deaths were observed in the group of 1797 current smokers (17,846 P/Y) and 109 in 1584 former smokers (15,011 P/Y). As compared to current smokers, the Relative Risk (RR) of death of former smokers was 0.77 (95% CI, 0.60 to 0.99, p = 0.0416), corresponding to a 23% reduction of total mortality. Excluding 239 subjects who had stopped smoking from less than 2 years from the end-point of follow-up, RR was 0.64 (95% CI, 0.48 to 0.84, p = 0.0016), with a 36% mortality reduction. A similar risk reduction was observed in the subset of 476 late quitters (27 deaths, 4,777 P/Y), with a RR of 0.60 (95% CI, 0.40 to 0.91, p = 0.0158).

      Conclusion:
      Stopping smoking is associated with a significant reduction of the overall mortality of heavy smokers enrolled in LDCT screening programs. The benefit of stopping smoking appears to be 3 to 5-fold greater than the one achieved by earlier detection in the NLST trial.

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