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S. Atagi
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ORAL 16 - Clinical Care of Lung Cancer and Advanced Biopsies (ID 115)
- Event: WCLC 2015
- Type: Oral Session
- Track: Treatment of Advanced Diseases - NSCLC
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:J.W. Neal, Q. Zhou
- Coordinates: 9/08/2015, 10:45 - 12:15, Mile High Ballroom 2a-3b
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ORAL16.05 - Retrospective Analysis of ctDNA EGFR Mutations in the Phase III, Randomized IMPRESS Study (ID 2106)
11:28 - 11:39 | Author(s): S. Atagi
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background:
The majority of patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer respond to first-line EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs, e.g. gefitinib) but nearly all eventually acquire resistance. The most common mechanism of acquired resistance is a second-site mutation in the EGFR kinase domain, T790M. The phase III, double-blind IMPRESS study evaluated the efficacy and safety of continuing gefitinib plus pemetrexed/cisplatin versus placebo plus pemetrexed/cisplatin in patients with acquired resistance to first-line gefitinib. Study results did not support the continuation of gefitinib after disease progression (by RECIST criteria) when platinum-based doublet chemotherapy is used as second-line therapy. Here we report the results of a retrospective biomarker analysis of plasma circulating free, tumor-derived DNA (ctDNA) from patients in IMPRESS, including T790M profiling, to help understand the IMPRESS clinical trial outcome.
Methods:
Plasma samples for ctDNA isolation were collected at baseline and discontinuation from 151 randomized, non-Chinese patients in IMPRESS (58% of overall IMPRESS population). ctDNA levels of T790M, L858R, and Exon19 deletions were detected using both a quantitative emulsion (BEAMing) digital PCR assay (Sysmex[®]) and a qualitative QIAGEN[®] Therascreen ARMS assay (baseline only). Local EGFR tumor tissue (diagnostic) results were available for 133/151 patients. Mutation concordance rates between tissue and baseline plasma results, and comparisons between the two plasma detection methods, were calculated.
Results:
Baseline ctDNA EGFR mutation results were obtained for >99% (150/151) of patients. Using BEAMing, sensitivity and specificity between baseline plasma EGFR sensitizing mutations and local EGFR tumor tests were 78% (69/89) and 98% (42/43), respectively, for Exon19 deletions, and 82% (31/38) and 97% (91/94) for L858R. The T790M detection rate in baseline plasma samples using BEAMing was 56% (84/150). The Therascreen ARMS assay demonstrated a significantly reduced T790M detection rate of 13% (20/150). Likewise, the sensitivity of the Therascreen ARMS assay with respect to tissue for EGFR sensitizing mutations was also reduced compared with BEAMing: Exon 19: 54% (48/89), L858R: 47% (18/38), though the specificity remained near 100%. In the 97 evaluable plasma samples collected at discontinuation, T790M was detected by BEAMing in 52% (50/97) of patients. When compared with matched baseline plasma, 11 patients had newly acquired T790M mutation at discontinuation while T790M reverted to undetectable in 14 patients. Full plasma profiling data from the complete IMPRESS clinical study population (including 108 patients from China) and correlative analyses of plasma EGFR mutation status with clinical outcome (progression-free survival, overall survival, objective response rate) will be presented.
Conclusion:
In IMPRESS, T790M was detectable with BEAMing digital PCR in the baseline ctDNA samples of 56% of evaluable patients, a rate comparable to similar mutation analyses in this same second-line, EGFR-TKI-failed setting. EGFR mutation detection in plasma using the Therascreen ARMS assay demonstrated comparable specificity to BEAMing but reduced sensitivity. The T790M detection rate afforded by the BEAMing technology will allow for a comprehensive assessment of correlations between clinical outcome in IMPRESS and EGFR mutational status.
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ORAL 29 - MASCC-IASLC Joint Session: Palliative and Supportive Care (ID 136)
- Event: WCLC 2015
- Type: Oral Session
- Track: Palliative and Supportive Care
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:A. Molasiotis, P. Van Houtte
- Coordinates: 9/08/2015, 16:45 - 18:15, 708+710+712
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ORAL29.02 - ONO-7643/Anamorelin for the Treatment of Cancer Cachexia in Advanced NSCLC Patients: Results From the Phase 2 Study in Japan (ID 1375)
16:56 - 17:07 | Author(s): S. Atagi
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background:
Cancer cachexia is characterized by decreased body weight (BW), mainly lean body mass (LBM) and negatively impacts quality of life (QOL) and prognosis. ONO-7643/anamorelin (ANAM) is a novel selective ghrelin receptor agonist with appetite-enhancing and anabolic activity.
Methods:
ONO-7643-03 was a double-blind, exploratory Phase 2 trial assessing ANAM efficacy and safety in Japanese non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with unresectable stage III/IV NSCLC, ECOG performance status (ECOG PS) 1-2 and cachexia (main criteria: ≥5% weight loss within prior 6 months). Patients were randomized to ANAM at 100 or 50 mg, or placebo, given daily orally for 12 weeks. Co-primary endpoints were change from baseline over 12 weeks in LBM (measured by DXA) and handgrip strength (HGS). Secondary endpoints included change in BW, ECOG PS, Karnofsky performance scale (KPS) and QOL assessment (QOL-ACD).
Results:
Demographics were balanced (N=180); median age=66 yr, male (68.9%), ECOG PS=1 (77.5%) and stage IV (76.1%). Treatment effects: the change in LBM over 12 weeks was 0.55 kg in the placebo arm and 1.15 kg in the ANAM 100 mg arm, and the change in LBM at both Weeks 8 and 12 showed significant differences between ANAM 100 mg and placebo (p<0.05). However, the change in HGS was similar between arms at both time points. The change in BW to Weeks 12 was -0.93 kg in the placebo arm vs +0.54 kg in the 50 mg arm and +1.77 kg in the 100 mg arm, and was significantly different between the 100 or 50 mg arms and the placebo arm at all time points (p<0.05). The cumulative rate of deterioration of ECOG PS was lowest in the 100 mg arm, and ANAM 100mg significantly improved KPS and QOL-ACD compared to placebo at Weeks 4 and 12 (p<0.05). Regarding safety, ANAM treatment for 12 weeks was well tolerated. While median survival time (MST) was not significantly different between active treatment arms and placebo, MST of patients with BW loss was significantly shorter than those without (215 vs 327 days; p=0.0055).
Conclusion:
This phase 2 study demonstrated that ANAM has promising potential in improving body composition, performance status and QOL in patients with cancer cachexia.
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