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N. Vaidya
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MINI 11 - Tobacco Control and Prevention (ID 108)
- Event: WCLC 2015
- Type: Mini Oral
- Track: Prevention and Tobacco Control
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:S.M. Janes, E. Stone, K.M. Cummings
- Coordinates: 9/07/2015, 16:45 - 18:15, 601+603
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MINI11.06 - Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs Reduce Tobacco Use and Secondhand Smoke Exposure: A Systematic Review (ID 3004)
17:05 - 17:10 | Author(s): N. Vaidya
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background:
Tobacco use is the single greatest cause of preventable disease, disability, and death in the U.S. Over the last few decades, several states have implemented comprehensive tobacco control programs (CTCP) to reduce tobacco use and secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure. This Community Guide (CG) systematic review was conducted to examine CTCP effectiveness in reducing tobacco use and tobacco-related diseases and deaths.
Methods:
A systematic search was conducted (search period Jan 2000-July 2014) to identify and abstract qualifying studies using standard CG systematic review methods. Studies published prior to 2000 were identified from a previous Community Guide review and added. Summary measures were calculated when possible and narrative results were provided when effect estimates could not be pooled. The review team worked under the guidance of the Community Preventive Services Task Force (CPSTF), a non-federal, independent, volunteer body of public health and prevention experts.
Results:
The review team identified 60 eligible studies; only results from the U.S. studies are reported here (55 studies). Most of the U.S. studies evaluated CTCP at the state level (48 studies from 10 states) with the remaining studies at the city (3 studies) and local or community level (4 studies). States with a CTCP reduced tobacco use prevalence among adults by a median of 2.8 percentage points (pct pts) [Interquartile interval (IQI): -3.5 to -2.4 pct pts; 12 studies]; reduced tobacco use prevalence among young people by a median of 4.5 pct pts (IQI: -6.0 to -0.7 pct pts; 9 studies); reduced cigarette pack sales by a median of 12.7% (IQI: -20.8% to -5.5%; 7 studies); and reduced daily tobacco product consumption by a median of 17.1% (IQI: -43.4% to -13.5%; 6 studies). Narrative results showed that states with a CTCP increased cessation (6 studies) and reduced SHS exposure (4 studies). States with a CTCP decreased tobacco-related diseases and deaths (6 studies), specifically in reduced lung cancer incidence (1 study), and reduced lung cancer (3 studies) and smoking-attributable cancer (1 study) mortality. Results indicated that increased program funding was associated with greater impact on the examined tobacco-related outcomes (16 studies). Stratified analysis showed CTCPs were effective across population groups with diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds (5 studies) and varied education or socioeconomic status (6 studies).
Conclusion:
Based on CG criteria, there is strong evidence that CTCPs are effective for reducing tobacco use prevalence among adults and young people, reducing tobacco product consumption, increasing quitting, reducing SHS exposure, and reducing tobacco-related diseases and deaths, especially lung cancer. These findings are broadly applicable to the U.S. settings and population groups at the state, city, and local levels.
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