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M. Varella-Garcia
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ED 09 - Tissue Is the Issue: Improving Diagnostic Yield in the Age of Minimally Invasive Procedures (ID 9)
- Event: WCLC 2015
- Type: Education Session
- Track: Community Practice
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:P. Cagle, N. Lindeman
- Coordinates: 9/08/2015, 14:15 - 15:45, Mile High Ballroom 1a-1f
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ED09.03 - What Do You Do with Tissue Once Collected? What Tests Are Useful? (ID 1808)
15:00 - 15:20 | Author(s): M. Varella-Garcia
- Abstract
- Presentation
Abstract not provided
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MINI 09 - Drug Resistance (ID 107)
- Event: WCLC 2015
- Type: Mini Oral
- Track: Biology, Pathology, and Molecular Testing
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:L. Villaruz, J. Minna
- Coordinates: 9/07/2015, 16:45 - 18:15, 205+207
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MINI09.11 - Adaptor Re-Programming and Acquired Resistance in RET-Fusion Positive NSCLC (ID 2891)
17:45 - 17:50 | Author(s): M. Varella-Garcia
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background:
RET gene fusions were identified as a novel oncogenic driver of ~1-2% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and clinical trials investigating the use RET TKI therapy are underway. Like all NSCLC patients treated with TKI therapies, it is expected that drug resistance will emerge in this patient population. The mechanisms that drive acquired resistance to RET TKI therapy are still unknown. The objective of this study is to advance current understanding of RET signaling in NSCLC and to identify the cellular mechanisms of acquired RET TKI resistance that will eventually emerge in RET fusion positive NSCLC patients by using in vitro models of drug resistance.
Methods:
The LC-2/ad is a lung adenocarcinoma cell line that harbors the CCDC6-RET fusion. We created three distinct ponatinib resistant (PR) LC-2/ad cell lines (PR1, PR2, PR3) derived from three different dose-escalation strategies. RET break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed on the parental LC-2/ad and PR-derivatives. Interactions between the RET kinase domain and known adaptor signaling molecules were assessed via proximity ligation assay (PLA) in parental LC-2/ad cells and resistant lines. Formation of RET-adaptor signaling complexes were confirmed via immunoprecipitation and western blot analysis. Next-generation RNA sequencing in conjunction with a high-throughput small molecule inhibitor screen were performed to elucidate the signaling pathways that drive resistance to RET-inhibition. Pathways and candidate molecules identified by these screens were validated using siRNA knockdown and pharmacologic inhibition in the context of a cell-proliferation MTS assay. Western blot analysis was utilized to identify the downstream signaling programs responsible for proliferation and survival in the RET-inhibition resistant cell lines.
Results:
MTS cell proliferation assay confirmed that all three ponatinib resistant cell lines are significantly less sensitive to ponatinib than parental LC-2/ad cells. RET FISH analysis demonstrated that the CCDC6-RET gene was retained in the PR1 and PR2 cell lines, but lost in the PR3 cell line. RT-PCR and western blot analysis confirmed the loss of the CCDC6-RET fusion in the PR3 cell line. DNA sequencing demonstrated no RET kinase domain mutations in either the PR1 or PR2 derivatives. Further, profound changes in the RET-signaling program have emerged in the PR1 and PR2 cell lines. Using a RET-GRB7 PLA, we have demonstrated that PR1 cells no longer form RET-GRB7 signaling complexes, while PR2 cells retain RET-GRB7 complexes even in the presence of ponatinib. Next-generation RNA sequencing of the PR1 cell line revealed an increase in expression of several known EMT markers including caveolin-1, vimentin, and ADAMTS1.
Conclusion:
Like many other targeted therapeutic strategies, resistance to small molecule Ret-inhibition in RET-fusion positive lung cancer cells can be driven by multiple mechanisms. Changes in the RET-adaptor programming appear to mitigate resistance in both the PR1 and PR2 cell lines, suggesting that RET-resistant cells may have successfully undergone an oncogenic switch to rely upon another known oncogenic driver in lieu of the CCDC6-RET fusion. Further, EMT reprogramming of the LC-2/ad cell may have contributed to the resistance phenotype in the PR1 cell line.
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MINI 12 - Biomarkers and Lung Nodule Management (ID 109)
- Event: WCLC 2015
- Type: Mini Oral
- Track: Screening and Early Detection
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:J.M. Siegfried, H.I. Pass
- Coordinates: 9/07/2015, 16:45 - 18:15, 401-404
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MINI12.02 - Clinical Utility of Chromosomal Aneusomy in High Risk Individuals (ID 1299)
16:50 - 16:55 | Author(s): M. Varella-Garcia
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background:
In the context of CT screening in current and former smokers at high risk for lung cancer, the false positive rate is high (26% at first NLST screening; 13% with Lung-RADS criteria applied to NLST) and indeterminate nodules are frequently discovered. Noninvasive biomarkers are urgently needed to reduce false positives with screening CT and to improve risk stratification in those with indeterminate nodules. The Colorado (CO) Lung SPORE program performed a retrospective longitudinal evaluation (Pepe Phase 3 validation) to assess the potential of chromosomal aneusomy detected in sputum via fluorescence in situ hybridization (CA-FISH) as a biomarker for early detection in four nested case-control studies. Two of the cohorts (ACRIN/NLST and PLuSS) enrolled current and former smokers to investigate use of low dose CT to diagnose lung cancer. The other two were Colorado cohorts in which pulmonary clinic patients (mostly current and former smokers) were enrolled to investigate biomarkers to predict lung cancer. One of these cohorts (CO High Risk) was a COPD population and the other, still in the accrual phase, comprises patients referred for care of indeterminate lung nodules (CO Nodule).
Methods:
The cohorts were grouped into a Screening cohort (ACRIN/NLST (49 cases, 96 controls) and PLuSS (48 cases, 89 controls)) and a High Risk cohort (CO High Risk (55 cases, 59 controls) and CO Nodule (13 cases, 10 controls)). The CA-FISH assay was a 4-target panel including genomic sequences encompassing the EGFR and MYC genes, and the 5p15 and centromere 6 regions or the FGFR1 and PIK3CA genes. At the subject level, the assay was scored on a 4-category scale representing normal, probably normal, probably abnormal and abnormal. Operating characteristics (with 95% CI) of the assay were estimated for each group of cohorts overall and separately for COPD patients: sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio+ (LR+) and likelihood ratio- (LR-).
Results:
Using the cutoff of abnormal vs. not abnormal for CA-FISH, sensitivity and specificity for Screening subjects are 0.20 (0.13, 0.30) and 0.84 (0.78, 0.89), respectively; and for High Risk subjects are 0.67 (0.55, 0.78) and 0.94 (0.85, 0.98), respectively. Likelihood ratios for Screening subjects are LR+: 1.36 (0.81, 2.28) and LR-: 0.93 (0.83, 1.05), and for High Risk subjects are LR+: 11.66 (4.44, 30.63), and LR-: 0.34 (0.24, 0.48). Similar results were observed when only COPD subjects were analyzed.
Conclusion:
The high LR+ of sputum CA-FISH indicates that this noninvasive biomarker could be a clinically useful adjunct to CT among patients in high risk settings. Whether this same high level of LR+ will be reproducible in patients at high risk because of their indeterminate nodules remains to be seen. If so, a hypothetical patient with indeterminate nodules and a pre-test (CA-FISH) lung cancer risk of 20% would have a post-test probability of lung cancer of 78% if the CA-FISH test were positive. In the screening setting, however, the low LR+ of CA-FISH limits its clinical utility. Prospective assessment of sputum CA-FISH is ongoing in the Nodule Cohort of the CO Lung SPORE.
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MINI 13 - Genetic Alterations and Testing (ID 120)
- Event: WCLC 2015
- Type: Mini Oral
- Track: Biology, Pathology, and Molecular Testing
- Presentations: 2
- Moderators:Y. Koh, R.K. Thomas
- Coordinates: 9/08/2015, 10:45 - 12:15, 205+207
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MINI13.01 - Clinicopathological Profiles of ROS1 Positive Patients Screened by FISH (ID 1450)
10:45 - 10:50 | Author(s): M. Varella-Garcia
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background:
ROS1 fusion variants represent an important subset of oncogenic driver mutations in approximately 0.7 – 3.4% of non-small cell lung cancers. Since the frequency of ROS1 positive lung cancer patients is relatively low, it is unclear whether there are significant clinicopathologic associations for positive cases. Thus far, ROS1 positive patients tend to be younger and never-smokers with tumors displaying adenocarcinoma histology. This study describes a further cohort of ROS1 positive lung cancer patients in an effort to identify clinicopathologic associations.
Methods:
The data represent a retrospective analysis of the clinicopathological profiles of primary and metastatic lung cancer patients tested for ROS1 gene rearrangements by break-apart (BA) FISH at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.
Results:
The cohort consisted of 452 patients enriched for triple-negative (EGFR-, KRAS- and ALK-) non-squamous cell carcinomas screened for ROS1 rearrangements using the BA FISH assay. Nineteen cases (4.2%) were identified as positive for rearrangement, the majority (68%) of which were female, with a mean cohort age of 54.9 years (range 30-79); as compared to negative cases which included 56% female patients (P= 0.1083), and had a mean cohort age of 62.9 (range 21-90) (P= 0.0058). Seventeen out of the 19 ROS1 positive tumors were classified as adenocarcinomas, one was diagnosed as adenosquamous carcinoma, and the histology on one specimen was not otherwise specified (NOS). Among 12 individuals with information on pathologic stage at diagnosis, the majority (75%) were stage IV. The prevalent FISH pattern for rearrangement was a split 5’ and 3’ signal (68%) with the remaining specimens showing primarily single 3’ signals (21%) or a mix of split and single 3’ signals (11%).
Conclusion:
The ROS1 positive tumors in this cohort were primarily classified as adenocarcinomas, diagnosed at an advanced stage, in patients significantly younger and more likely to be women, although the sample set was biased for non-squamous lesions thereby limiting the application of this information to squamous cell lung carcinoma. The higher prevalence of ROS1 positive cases in this cohort compared to unselected cohorts is best explained by the inclusion of specimens with known negative status for EGFR and KRAS mutations and ALK fusions. As such, these data are in agreement with previous descriptions of ROS1 positive cohorts. Screening for ROS1 rearrangements in lung cancer patients displaying adenocarcinoma histology and negative for EGFR, KRAS and ALK activating events should identify a higher frequency of ROS1 rearranged tumors compared to unselected approaches and facilitate this subset of patients to be treated with targeted ROS1 inhibitors.
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MINI13.03 - Characterization of MET Gene and MET Protein Expression in Lung Cancer (ID 2155)
10:55 - 11:00 | Author(s): M. Varella-Garcia
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background:
Activation of the MET signaling pathway can propel the growth of cancer cells in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Increased MET gene by amplification and/or polysomy can cause MET protein overexpression; less common causes include mutations, translocations, and alternative RNA splicing. Clinical trials using MET as a biomarker for selection of lung cancer patients who might most benefit from targeted therapy have experienced variable outcomes. We aimed to characterize the relationship between MET protein overexpression and MET amplification or mean copy number alterations in patients with NSCLC.
Methods:
The Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium (LCMC) is performing an ongoing study of biomarkers with patients with NSCLC from 16 cancer center sites across the United States. For this analysis, 403 cases had complete data for MET protein expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC, monoclonal antibody SP44, Ventana) and MET gene amplification by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH, MET/CEP7 ratio). Pathologists evaluated MET expression using the H-score, a semi-quantitative assessment of the percentage of tumor cells with no, faint, moderate, and/or strong staining, ranging from 0-300. Spearman's correlation was used to analyze the correlation between MET protein expression (H-scores) and FISH results (MET/CEP7 ratio (N=403) and MET copy number (N=341). Protein overexpression using 5 different cut-offs was compared with amplification defined as MET/CEP7 ≥ 2.2 and high mean copy number defined as ≥ 5 MET gene copies per cell using the Fisher’s exact test. Cox Proportional Hazards models were built to examine the associations of these different definitions of positivity with prognosis, adjusting for stage of disease.
Results:
MET protein expression was significantly correlated with MET copy numbers (r=0.17, p=0.0025), but not MET/CEP7 ratio (r=-0.013, p=0.80). No significant association was observed between protein overexpression using a commonly used definition for MET positivity (“at least moderate staining in ≥ 50% tumor cells”) and MET amplification (p=0.47) or high mean copy number (p=0.09). A definition for MET protein overexpression as “≥ 30% tumor cells with strong staining” was significantly associated with both MET amplification (p=0.03) and high mean copy number (p=0.007), but a definition of “≥ 10% tumor cells with strong staining” was not significantly associated with either. Definitions of protein overexpression based on high H-scores (≥200 or ≥250) were associated with high MET mean copy numbers (p=0.03 and 0.0008, respectively), but not amplification (p=0.46 and 0.12, respectively). All 5 definitions of MET protein overexpression demonstrated a significant association with worse prognosis by survival analyses (p-values ranged from 0.001 to 0.03). High MET copy number (p=0.045) was associated with worse prognosis, but MET amplification was not (p=0.07).
Conclusion:
Evaluation of NSCLC specimens from LCMC sites confirms that MET protein expression is correlated with high MET copy number and protein overexpression is associated with worse prognosis. Definitions of MET protein overexpression as “an H-score ≥250” and “≥30% tumor cells with strong staining” were significantly associated with high mean MET copy number. It may be worth reevaluating the performance of MET as a biomarker by different definitions of positivity to predict response to MET-targeted therapies.
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ORAL 32 - EGFR WT and MT Targeting (ID 144)
- Event: WCLC 2015
- Type: Oral Session
- Track: Treatment of Advanced Diseases - NSCLC
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:K.J. O'Byrne, D.R. Gandara
- Coordinates: 9/09/2015, 16:45 - 18:15, Four Seasons Ballroom F3+F4
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ORAL32.05 - EGFR IHC and FISH Correlative Analyses (SQUIRE Trial): Necitumumab + Gemcitabine-Cisplatin vs Gemcitabine-Cisplatin in 1st-Line Squamous NSCLC (ID 2651)
17:28 - 17:39 | Author(s): M. Varella-Garcia
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background:
SQUIRE, a randomized phase III study, demonstrated that the addition of necitumumab (N) (a second-generation, recombinant, human immunoglobulin G1 EGFR antibody) to gemcitabine-cisplatin (GC) improved overall survival (OS) in patients with stage IV squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Analyses of the relationship between efficacy and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein expression using the immunohistochemistry (IHC) H-score=200 cut-point were previously reported (Thatcher et al. Lancet Onc, 2015; doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00021-2). Here we report additional exploratory analyses of the relationship with EGFR protein, as well as analyses of EGFR gene copy number.
Methods:
SQUIRE included mandatory tissue collection from archived tumor. EGFR protein expression was assessed by IHC in a central lab, using the Dako EGFR PharmDx kit. Analyses of the relationships between efficacy outcomes with EGFR across the range of protein levels were performed, using methodologies including subpopulation treatment effect pattern plot (STEPP) with a sliding window target size of 200 patients. An exploratory assessment of EGFR gene copy number gain was performed in tissue sections using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) (J Clin Pathol; 2009;62(11):970-7). Efficacy outcomes were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and hazard ratios estimated using an un-stratified Cox model. .
Results:
A total of 982 patients (89.8% of the ITT) had evaluable IHC assay results. The large majority of these patients (95.2%) had tumor samples expressing EGFR protein; only 4.8% had tumors without detectable EGFR protein (H-score=0). The STEPP analyses showed no consistent trend or obvious cut-point for the relationship between either OS or PFS with EGFR protein across the range of IHC values when comparing treatment arms. Archived tumor tissue with evaluable results for exploratory EGFR FISH analysis was available for 51.0% of patients (557 of 1093 ITT patients). Of these patients, 208 patients (37.3%) had increased EGFR gene copy number (FISH positive). A trend for greater necitumumab benefit was observed in EGFR FISH positive patients. Treatment HR (95% CI) for FISH positive and negative patients were 0.70 (0.52, 0.96) and 1.02 (0.80, 1.29) for OS, and 0.71 (0.52, 0.97) and 1.04 (0.82, 1.33) for PFS. However, the interaction of EGFR gene copy number gain with treatment was not statistically significant for either OS or PFS (p=0.066 and 0.057, respectively).
Conclusion:
The analysis of EGFR protein expression did not identify consistent trends related to efficacy outcomes across the range of IHC values. EGFR gene copy number gain showed a trend for a more favorable HR, but did not appear to be strongly predictive. However, both markers showed some evidence of potential trends that will be investigated further in future trials.
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ORAL 37 - Novel Targets (ID 146)
- Event: WCLC 2015
- Type: Oral Session
- Track: Biology, Pathology, and Molecular Testing
- Presentations: 2
- Moderators:S.S. Ramalingam, E. Thunnissen
- Coordinates: 9/09/2015, 16:45 - 18:15, Mile High Ballroom 4a-4f
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ORAL37.01 - FISHing TRK Activation by Gene Rearrangements in Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (ID 834)
16:45 - 16:56 | Author(s): M. Varella-Garcia
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background:
The tropomyosin-receptor kinase (TRK) family includes genes important in nervous system development, NTRK1 (N1), NTRK2 (N2) and NTRK3 (N3). Oncogenic activation was identified long ago as N1 fusions in colon cancer and numerous fusions have been recently identified affecting all family members in multiple tumor types. This study developed FISH reagents for molecular diagnosis of NTRK rearrangements and investigated their prevalence in NSCLC. The ultimate goal is to validate a clinical assay for selection of patients who may benefit from novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting these fusion proteins.
Methods:
Three FISH break-apart (BA) probe sets (LDTs) were tailored for diagnosis of rearrangements in N1, N2 and N3 and tested in specimens with known genomic status for these genes: cell lines KM12 (N1), CUTO3 (N1), MO-91 (N3), xenograft CULC001 (N1), and clinical specimens, and used to screen resected NSCLC. The LSI NTRK1 Cen and Tel probes (Abbott Molecular) were also tested. A specimen was positive for individual rearrangement when ≥15% tumor cells had split or single 3’,5’ signals. Moreover, a 6-target, 2-color FISH probe including the 3’N1, 3’N2 and 3’N3 sequences labeled in red and the 5’N1, 5’N2 and 5’N3 sequences labeled in green (TRKombo) was designed for rapid screening of TRK rearrangements in clinical specimens.
Results:
Results were obtained in 443, 410, and 434 examined NSCLC and positive patterns were detected in 5, 5 and 1 specimens, respectively for N1, N2, and N3. These 11 positive patients had age ranging from 38y to 76y, gender 6 male:5 female, and were current (4), former (5) or never (2) smokers. Histology was predominantly adenocarcinoma (7) but also included squamous cell (3) and neuroendocrine morphology (1). Unique to the N1 assay was the observance of FISH signal fusions where the 5’N signals appeared as doublet in >20% of the NSCLC specimens, which was determined to be copy number variation due to segmental duplication. Other atypical patterns were observed for all three targets and included doublets of the FISH fusion signals (18%, 14% and 9% respectively) and gene clusters (~5% for each). Twenty specimens (pre-clinical models and clinical cases) characterized as positive by the LDT N1 and by next generation sequencing (NGS) or atypical by the LDT NTRK1 BA were blindly analyzed with the LSI NTRK1 probe set and the results were reproducible, with brighter intensity of the fluorescent signals for the LSI probe. These specimens (positive by FISH and several atypicals) are currently under investigation to characterize the sequence specific genomic rearranged region by using a custom targeted, capture-based NGS panel (NimbleGen, Roche). The TRKombo screening probe performed well in blinded experiment using validation set including pre-selected positive and negative specimens and is under testing in clinical tissue sections.
Conclusion:
N1, N2 and N3 fusions were detected by FISH in a subset of lung carcinomas including adeno, squamous and neuroendocrine tumors. Optimization of molecular panels for diagnosis of these rearrangements is relevant since they represent a sizeable number of cases across multiple tumor types and there are numerous targeted inhibitor agents under development.
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ORAL37.06 - Defining MET Copy Number Driven Lung Adenocarcinoma Molecularly and Clinically (ID 2379)
17:39 - 17:50 | Author(s): M. Varella-Garcia
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background:
Increases in MET copy number define an oncogenic driver state sensitive to MET inhibition (Camidge et al, ASCO 2014). However, the level at which the genomic gain is relevant remains uncertain. When testing is performed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), variable cut-points in both mean MET/cell and MET/CEP7 ratio have been used. Partially overlapping datasets from the Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium (LCMC1) and Colorado Molecular Correlates (CMOCO) Laboratory were explored for a distinct MET-copy number driven lung adenocarcinoma subtype.
Methods:
MET was assessed by FISH. Data from non-adenocarcinomas and EGFR mutant patients with acquired resistance to an EGFR inhibitor were excluded. Positivity criteria were mean MET/cell ≥5 (low ≥5-<6, intermediate ≥6-<7, high ≥7) or MET/CEP7 ≥1.8 (low ≥1.8-≤2.2, intermediate >2.2-< 5, high ≥5). MET metrics were compared by race, sex, smoking status, stage at diagnosis, number of metastatic disease sites, site of metastases, presence of other known drivers (EGFR, KRAS, ALK, ERBB2, BRAF, NRAS, ROS1 and RET), response to first line chemotherapy and overall survival using Fisher’s exact tests, chi-square tests, Spearman correlations and log-rank tests, as appropriate. Statistical significance was set at the 0.05 level without adjustment for multiple comparisons.
Results:
1164 unique adenocarcinomas were identified (60% female, 85% Caucasian, 66% ex/current smokers). MET/CEP 7 data was available on 1164 and mean MET/cell on 700. 52/1164 (4.5%) had MET/CEP7 ≥1.8 (48% female, 83% Caucasian, 69% smokers). 50/52 (98%) had ≥1 other oncogenic driver tested (25/50 (50%) positive). 113/700 (16%) had mean MET/cell ≥ 5 (57% female, 82% Caucasian, 58% smokers). 109/113 (96%) had ≥ 1 other oncogenic driver tested (73/109 (67%) positive). Among patients with ≥1 additional driver oncogene tested, alternate drivers in low, indeterminate and high categories of mean MET/cell were 44/60 (67%), 17/24 (70%) and 12/28 (43%) respectively and for MET/CEP7: 16/29 (55%), 9/18 (50%) and 0/4 (0%) respectively. MET positive with additional drivers were excluded from further analyses. Men exceeded women in MET/CEP7 (men 4% vs women 1.6%, p = 0.019) and mean MET/cell positive cases (men 9.6% vs women 5.4%, p = 0.058). 6.4% of adrenal metastasis cases were MET/CEP7 positive vs 2% all other sites, p=0.031. Mean MET/cell: 12% adrenal vs 5% other sites, p=0.082. MET/CEP7 or mean MET/cell positive and negative groups did not differ by other variables (p > 0.05).
Conclusion:
The proportion of ‘MET positive’ adenocarcinomas varies by definition and positivity cut-point. Mean MET/cell ≥5 defines nearly 4x more positives than MET/CEP7 ≥1.8 and no mean MET/cell positive category was free from overlap with other drivers. As only high MET/CEP7 had no overlap with other drivers, MET/CEP7 ≥ 5 is the clearest candidate for a pure MET-copy number driven state, however cases free from other drivers do exist at lower MET positivity levels. MET/CEP7 positive cases free from other known drivers are more likely to be male, but unlike other known oncogenic states, race and smoking status are not significant in determining positivity. MET positivity may have a specific biological phenotype, being more likely to present with adrenal metastases.
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PLEN 04 - Presidential Symposium Including Top 4 Abstracts (ID 86)
- Event: WCLC 2015
- Type: Plenary
- Track: Plenary
- Presentations: 1
- Moderators:T. Mok, F.R. Hirsch
- Coordinates: 9/09/2015, 10:45 - 12:15, Plenary Hall (Bellco Theatre)
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PLEN04.01 - A Randomized, Phase III Study Comparing Carboplatin/Paclitaxel or Carboplatin/Paclitaxel/Bevacizumab with or without Concurrent Cetuximab in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): SWOG S0819 (ID 3612)
10:45 - 10:57 | Author(s): M. Varella-Garcia
- Abstract
- Presentation
Background:
This abstract is under embargo until September 9, 2015 and will be distributed onsite on September 9 in a Late Breaking Abstract Supplement.
Methods:
Results:
Conclusion:
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