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K. Gali



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    O24 - Cancer Control and Epidemiology III (ID 134)

    • Event: WCLC 2013
    • Type: Oral Abstract Session
    • Track: Prevention & Epidemiology
    • Presentations: 1
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      O24.03 - Lung cancer incidence trends among Asian-American ethnic populations in the United States, 1990-2010 (ID 1969)

      16:35 - 16:45  |  Author(s): K. Gali

      • Abstract
      • Presentation
      • Slides

      Background
      In the United States (US), anti-smoking policies have resulted in a population-wide decline in lung cancer rates over the past decade. However, little is known about how lung cancer incidence trends vary among Asian-American ethnic populations, the largest growing population in the US.

      Methods
      For the first time, annual population estimates for Asian-American ethnic populations were developed for the regions in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program, comprising half of the total U.S. Asian-American population. From 1990-2010, incidence rates and average annual percentage change (APC) were computed for each racial/ethnic group for lung cancer overall and by gender and histology.

      Results
      Among Asian-American males, trends were either stable or declining in all groups (Figure 1). The declines were statistically significant among Koreans (APC = -3.0), Hawaiians (APC = -2.3), Vietnamese (APC = -1.4), Filipino (APC = -1.9 from 1996-2010), and Chinese (APC = -1.5). Among Asian-American females, declining trends were seen among Hawaiians (APC = -5.9 from 2002-2010) and Vietnamese (APC = -1.5). In contrast, increasing trends were seen among Japanese (APC = 1.7) and Filipinas (APC = 1.5). Among Asian-American males, all histologies exhibited stable or declining trends with the exception adenocarcinoma, which increased among Chinese males from 1997-2010, appearing independent of the decrease in NOS, which occurred much later in this group. Among Asian-American females, declining or stable trends were seen for most histologies, with the exception of adenocarcinoma among Filipina and Korean females (APC = 2.5 and 3.0, respectively), and squamous cell carcinoma among Japanese females (APC = 2.4). Figure 1

      Conclusion
      To the extent that Asian-Americans have distinct primary and second-hand smoking profiles, unique environmental exposures , and population-specific genetic predisposition, analysis of incidence trends by histology suggests that, among Asian-American females, additional risk factors beyond primary and perhaps secondary smoking may be important for lung cancer etiology. The continued increase of lung cancer incidence among Filipina, Korean, and Japanese American females, especially in adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas, warrants further attention.

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    P3.22 - Poster Session 3 - Epidemiology, Etiology (ID 168)

    • Event: WCLC 2013
    • Type: Poster Session
    • Track: Prevention & Epidemiology
    • Presentations: 1
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      P3.22-008 - Are there disparities in lung cancer incidence trends among Hispanics and African Americans? An analysis of the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Database 1992-2010 (ID 3049)

      09:30 - 09:30  |  Author(s): K. Gali

      • Abstract

      Background
      Previous studies demonstrate disparities in the incidence of lung cancer. Specifically, in the United States, in comparison to non-Hispanic Whites, African Americans have a higher incidence rate of lung cancer while a lower incidence rate is seen among Hispanics. Recent studies demonstrate significant progress in smoking-cessation programs for non-Hispanic Whites; however, there are still a lower number of smoking cessation programs directed towards African Americans and trends of increased smoking behavior among Hispanics. No studies have evaluated recent histologic-specific incidence trends of lung cancer that may reflect these changing smoking behavioral patterns.

      Methods
      Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results data from years 1992-2010, lung cancer incidence rates and average annual percentage change (APC) were computed overall and by histology for African Americans, Hispanics, and non-Hispanic Whites.

      Results
      Incidence rates of lung cancer steadily decreased for non-Hispanic Whites, African-Americans, and Hispanics males (APC = -2.0, -2.6, and -1.9, respectively) from 1992 to 2010. This was true for all histological subtypes. Overall incidence rates of lung cancer among females have been relatively stable, with evidence of recent declines since 2005 among African Americans and non-Hispanic Whites. These trends were seen for all histological subtypes among females, except for the notable exceptions of increases in adenocarcinoma among African Americans (APC = 2.9 from 2003-2010) and Hispanics (APC = 1.2 from 1992-2010).

      Conclusion
      For men, overall and histologic-specific incidence rates of lung cancer have decreased among Non-Hispanics Whites, African Americans, and Hispanics. For women, in recent years, non-Hispanic Whites demonstrate a similar pattern of decline in lung cancer incidence rates. However, the overall incidence rate of lung cancer among African American and Hispanic women while decreasing or remaining slightly stable, an increased incidence of adenocarcinoma has been observed that warrants further exploration.