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A. Artal



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    MO08 - NSCLC - Early Stage (ID 117)

    • Event: WCLC 2013
    • Type: Mini Oral Abstract Session
    • Track: Medical Oncology
    • Presentations: 1
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      MO08.01 - First analysis of toxicity and treament compliance in customized postoperative chemotherapy based on BRCA1 levels after NSCLC resection: SCAT (Spanish Customized Adjuvant Therapy) trial. Spanish Lung Cancer Group/GECP (ID 2454)

      16:15 - 16:20  |  Author(s): A. Artal

      • Abstract
      • Presentation
      • Slides

      Background
      Customization is feasible in adjuvant setting (tissue availability). SCAT trial has completed planned recruitment with 500 p. For resected NSCLC with nodal involvement adjuvant platinum-based CT improves outcomes but survival remains suboptimal. Compliance may be a key issue for efficacy in adjuvant setting. mRNA BRCA1 levels are prognostic in early NSCLC and could be a predictive marker for CT activity. In advanced disease patients with low BRCA1 benefit from cisplatin doublets meanwhile p with high levels attained longer survival with taxanes.

      Methods
      Phase III trial testing 4 cycles non-selected vs customized adjuvant CT. Entry criteria: NSCLC, R0 resection, pN1 or pN2, KI > 70, recovered from surgery, adequate hematologic, renal and liver functions, no prior CT or RT, age > 18 y, informed consent. Stratification: N1 vs N2, histology (squamous vs non-squamous), resection (lobectomy vs pneumonectomy). Central lab mRNA BRCA1 levels and quartile distribution. Primary end-point: OS. Secondary end-points: DFS, toxicity, recurrence pattern. Design: R: 1:3. Control treatment: Cis-Docetaxel (CD). Experimental arm: Q1: Cis-Gemcitabine (CG); Q2-3: Cis-Docetaxel; Q4: Docetaxel (D). PORT in pN2 patients. Compliance treatment and toxicity profile analyzed by arm and correlation with potential prognostic factors explored

      Results
      500 included p; 108 control arm, 392 experimental arm. Median follow-up 18.6 m (2-59 m). Median mRNA BRCA1 levesl 15.78 (0.73-132) Q1 212 (42.4%), Q2-3 150 (30%), Q4 138 (27.6%). Mean BRCA1: Adenocarcinoma: 8.45 vs Squamous 19.6 (p< 0.001). Overall low levels BRCA1: 43.8%. EGFR mut 5.6% 297 p evaluated for compliance planned adjuvant treatment: M/F ratio: 82.5/17.5%. Median age: 62 (range 36-80). PS 0/1/2: 55.9/43,1/1%. Histology: Adenocarcinoma 47.5%, Squamous 44.1%. Stages: IIA/IIB/IIIA: 11.1/38.4/50.2%. Surgical procedure: Lobectomy 72.1%; Pneumonectomy 27.9%.. Toxicity. G3-4 AE: Neutropenic fever: CD 10% vs D 4.4% vs CG 0%. (p=0.0056); Nausea/vomits: CG 11.1% vs CD 10.4% vs D 0%. (p=0.0198); Hypersensitivity: D 5.97% (NS). Dose-reduction: 34.24% control vs 18.30% experimental (p=0.0044). Full 4 cycles CT compliance: CD control 80.83%, CG 91.2%, CD experimental 79.2%, D 88.1% (p=0.052). No differences in dose-reductions. CT compliance lobectomy 86.4% vs 85.5% pneumonectomy (NS). CT compliante < 70 y 91.1% vs 66.6% > 70 y (p<0.01)PORT compliance 55.31% of planned cases.

      Conclusion
      Planned trial recruitment achieved with median f-u 18.6 m. Majority of resected NSCLC showed low levels expression BRCA1. Adenocarcinoma lower levels than Squamous. Safety profiles differences observed between treatment schedules: neutropenic fever (CD), nausea/vomits (CG). Customized treatment requires less dose-reductions. Trend to poor compliance with Cis-Doc. No relation between extensión of surgery and adjuvant Tx compliance . Compliance CT significantly lower for age > 70 y. Low compliance for PORT.

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    MO25 - NSCLC - Combined Modality Therapy II (ID 112)

    • Event: WCLC 2013
    • Type: Mini Oral Abstract Session
    • Track: Mesothelioma
    • Presentations: 1
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      MO25.01 - Interim analysis of the Spanish Lung Cancer Group (SLCG) randomized phase II trial of thoracic radiotherapy (RT) concurrent with cisplatin (P) plus oral vinorelbine (OV) or etoposide (E) for unresectable locally advanced (LA) stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (GECP10/02). (ID 2658)

      10:30 - 10:35  |  Author(s): A. Artal

      • Abstract
      • Presentation
      • Slides

      Background
      Chemoradiation is the standard of care for the treatment of unresectable LA-NSCLC. Cisplatin plus either etoposide or vinorelbine are two of the chemotherapy (CT) regimens widely used for the disease concurrently with radiotherapy. Oral vinorelbine is a formulation which has achieved comparable results to the IV vinorelbine. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cisplatin when combined with etoposide or oral vinorelbine with radical radiation for the management of stage III NSCLC.

      Methods
      Patients (pts) between 18 and 75 years, with histologically proven untreated and unresectable LA stage IIIA/IIIB NSCLC, adequate bone marrow, hepatic and renal function, ECOG PS 0-1, were randomized to: Arm OV-P: OV 60 mg/m[2] D1, D8 cycle 1 and 80 mg/m[2] cycle 2 (if no grade 3-4 toxicity) plus P 80 mg/m[2] D1 every 3 weeks for 2 cycles as induction; patients without progression received OV 40 mg/m[2] D1, D8, and P 80 mg/m[2] D1 every 3 weeks for 2 more cycles (4 cycles in total). Arm E-P: E 50 mg/m[2] intravenously D1 to D5 plus P 50 mg/m[2] D1, D8 every 4 weeks for 2 cycles. Both regimens administered with concurrent RT 66 Gy in 6.5 weeks. The primary endpoint was progression free survival using RECIST 1.1, and secondary endpoints were overall response rate, overall survival, and safety profile. To guarantee an overall type-1 α error (one side) no greater than 0.05 and a type II (β) error 0.1 for the primary endpoint of PFS, a sample size of 134 pts allocated in a 1:1 ratio is planned.

      Results
      Since August 2011 77 pts have been recruited. 46 pts have been included in the interim analysis, 23 pts have been randomly allocated to each treatment arm. Patient’s characteristics were: Male 91.3%; median age 64 (range 44-75); PS1 56.5%; smokers 46.8%; adenocarcinoma 40.4% / squamous 55.3%; stage IIIA 46.8% / IIIB 53.2%. Median of months between initial diagnosis and study start was 1 (range 0.3-15.7). Safety: 118 cycles (cy) were analysed, 79 in arm OV-P and 39 in arm E-P. Hematological toxicities arms OV-P/E-P (% cy): grade (g) 3/4 neutropenia 8.9%/13.1%; g3 thrombocytopenia 0%/5.3%; g3 anemia 0%/2.6%; febrile neutropenia 3 cases on OV-P arm (all during induction CT on cy 1) and 1 case on E-P arm (during concurrent chemoradiation). Non-hematological toxicities arms OV-P/E-P (% cy): g3 esophagitis/mucositis 1.3%/15.5%; g3 infection without neutropenia 1.3%/5.1%. No treatment-related deaths were reported. There was no remarkable difference in other toxicities between both arms. 39 pts completed the treatment as per protocol, 19 in arm OV-P and 20 in arm E-P. Overall response rates were 73.7% and 50% for the OV-P and the E-P arm, respectively.

      Conclusion
      This interim analysis shows that OV-P and E-P when administered concurrently with RT have a manageable safety profile with efficacy. Safety data is consistent with other studies reported for both chemoradiation regimens. Based on these positive results for safety, accrual is ongoing. Clinical trial information EudraCT 2010-022927-31.

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    P1.11 - Poster Session 1 - NSCLC Novel Therapies (ID 208)

    • Event: WCLC 2013
    • Type: Poster Session
    • Track: Medical Oncology
    • Presentations: 1
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      P1.11-046 - Women with lung cancer harboring epidermal growth factor (EGFR) mutations: prevalence, clinical characteristics and EGFR tyrosine kinase (TKI) treatment-related outcomes. Results from the Spanish WORLD07 database (ID 3078)

      09:30 - 09:30  |  Author(s): A. Artal

      • Abstract

      Background
      EGFR mutations define a distinct molecular subset of non-small-cell lung cancer patients (p). Prevalence, baseline clinical characteristics and outcomes for women with lung cancer harboring EGFR mutations would be of interest.

      Methods
      We analyzed the clinical characteristics of women with lung cancer harboring EGFR mutations included in the WORLD07, a Spanish prospective, multicenter, epidemiologic female-specific e-database.

      Results
      A total of 2081 newly-diagnosed women with lung cancer from 38 Spanish centers were included in the WORLD07 e-database from October/2007 to October/2012. Overall 915 p were evaluated for EGFR mutation status, and 342 of them were found to have EGFR mutation (16% of all p in the e-database, 37% of p tested). EGFR-mutated p characteristics: median age 64.6 years; 86% had offspring; 8.2% had used oral contraceptives; smoking habit: 72% never smokers, 14% current smokers, 13% former smokers; for those never smokers, second-hand smokers 35%; histology: 91% adenocarcinoma, 1.5% squamous cell carcinoma, 2% large-cell carcinoma, 5% other; EGFR mutation type: 60% deletions in exon 19, 32.5% L858R mutations, 8% exon 20 mutations, 1% exon 18 mutations, 14% unknown. Sixty-nine percent of p had stage IV disease. A total of 184 EGFR mutated p received an oral EGFRTKI as 1[st] line (ECOG PS: 0 in 24%, 1 in 53%, 2 in 13%, 4 in 4%, unknown in 5%) achieving a 59% response rate (RR), 20% stable disease (SD), 10% progression (PD) and 11% not evaluable (NE); with a median follow-up of 12 months, median overall survival for these p was 21 months. A total of 72 p received an EGFRTKI as 2[nd] line with 37% RR, 34% SD, 19% PD and 10% NE. Only 16 p received an EGFRTKI as 3[rd] line, achieving a 38% RR, 19% SD, 31% PD and 12.5% NE. For those EGFR mutated women receiving an EGFRTKI as 1[st] line, RR to an EGFRTKI was 70% in those women harboring deletion in exon 19, and 45% in those with L858R mutation; median overall survival was 24 months in those with deletion in exon 19, and 17 months in those with L858R mutation. Response rate to an EGFRTKI as 1[st] line treatment was 59% in never-smoker p and 53% in current-smoker/former-smoker p with a median overall survival of 23 months and 21 months, respectively.

      Conclusion
      According to our prospective e-database of women with lung cancer, not selected for clinical trials and including all histologies, a high proportion harbor an EGFR mutation (16% of non-selected women, 37% of those tested). The vast majority of women with lung cancer harboring EGFR mutation are never smokers, have adenocarcinoma histology and outcomes similar to those previously reported in the literature. Additional epidemiologic and treatment data will be presented at the meeting.

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    P2.22 - Poster Session 2 - Epidemiology, Etiology (ID 167)

    • Event: WCLC 2013
    • Type: Poster Session
    • Track: Prevention & Epidemiology
    • Presentations: 1
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      P2.22-008 - Analysis of family history of cancer in women with lung cancer (WLC) from the Spanish WORLD07 database (ID 2430)

      09:30 - 09:30  |  Author(s): A. Artal

      • Abstract

      Background
      Gender differences in lung cancer (LC) have been reported, but with many unresolved issues . Family history of cancer might play an important role in lung cancer, especially in never-smoker patients. The aim of this study was to analyze potential clinical, molecular and epidemiological differences between WLC with or without family history of cancer.

      Methods
      WORLD07 is a Spanish prospective, multicenter, epidemiologic female-specific LC database sponsored by ICAPEM, a professional association committed with WLC research. Clinicopathologic data, tumor genotype, family and personal history of cancer were collected and analyzed in order to detect differences between both groups.

      Results
      From October/2007 to November/2012, 2081 WLC were included in an e-database from 32 centers. Family history of cancer was common (49.4%, in first-degree was 77%), family history of lung cancer was present in 33%, of breast cancer in 25% and of colorectal cancer in 17%. No differences in median age of diagnosis of LC, previous hormonal therapy, number of children, menstrual status, tumor histology or stage at diagnosis were observed between WLC with or without family history of cancer. WLC with family history of cancer were ever smokers in a higher percentage (63% vs 56%, p=0.006), with no differences in passive smokers. The presence of EGFR mutations was similar in WLC with family history of cancer versus WLC without family history (38% vs 37%), although WLC patients with family history of cancer had a higher rate of exon 21 mutation (36% vs 28%), both in smokers WLC (32% vs 16%, p=0.220) and in never smokers WLC (43% vs 32%, p=0.094). The median overall survival was 25 months (CI95% 21.0-29.0) for WLC with family history of cancer and 22.0 months (CI95% 19.4-24.5) for patients without family history of cancer (p=0.027). Of note, the median overall survival was 34.8 months (CI95% 22.9-46.6) for WLC with family history of LC and 22.5 months (CI95% 20.5-24.5) for patients without family history of LC (p< 0.001).

      Conclusion
      The presence of familiar history of cancer in WLC patients included in the WORLD07 database was high (49.4%), being lung cancer the most common, followed by breast cancer. No clinical or pathologic characteristic differences were observed between patients with or without family history of cancer. The presence of EGFR mutations was similar, although WLC patients with family history of cancer had a higher rate of exon 21 mutation. The median overall survival was significantly higher in WLC patients with family history of cancer and LC. Family history of cancer, especially of LC, might have a role in LC development and deserves further studies focused in inherited genetic alterations related with an increased susceptibility to LC.

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    P2.24 - Poster Session 2 - Supportive Care (ID 157)

    • Event: WCLC 2013
    • Type: Poster Session
    • Track: Supportive Care
    • Presentations: 2
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      P2.24-035 - Description of lung cancer patients with ECOG 2 at diagnosis. Experience of our Hospital (ID 2448)

      09:30 - 09:30  |  Author(s): A. Artal

      • Abstract

      Background
      Patients with advanced lung cancer presenting with ECOG 2 at diagnosis trend to be no longer included in large, randomized, registration trials and then recommendations for their treatment are more difficult. Nonetheless, they account for a significant percentage of the cases attended in a Medical Oncology Department. We describe their characteristics and outcomes in our experience.

      Methods
      Medical records of lung cancer patients with ECOG 2 that were seen in our Department between april 2009 and april 2013 have been reviewed.

      Results
      124 patients (p) were found. They account for a 15.3% of the overall number of lung cancer patients attended. 106p were male (85.5%). Median age 66 years (44-83). By histology: adenocarcinoma 41p (33.1%), EGFR+ adenocarcinoma 4p (3.2%), squamous 36p (29.0%), small-cell 23p (18.5%), other 19p (15.3%), no histologic diagnosis 1p (0.8%). By stage: III 39p (31.5%), IV 85 (68.5%). By the time of analysis, 76p (61.3%) hade died, other 31p (25.0%) continued palliative care and 17 (13.7%) were still on active therapy. Initial intention of therapy was palliative in 94p (75.8%), radical/adjuvant in 9 /.3%) and 21p did not receive any active therapy beyond supportive care. Drugs administered at first line: carboplatin 43p (34.7%), cisplatin 12p (9.7%), EGFR-TKI 6p (4.8%), non-platinium chemotherapy 39p (31.5%), no Chemotherpy 24 (19.4%). No differences by gender existed in the drugs given, except for TKI which were more frequently given to women (5/6). Median overall survival was 34 weeks (IC: 26.0-41.9). No differences existed by gender (male 32 weeks, female 39 weeks) or stage (III 30 weeks, IV 36 weeks) but they differed by histology: adenocarcinoma 34 weeks, squamous 22 weeks, EGFR+ aenocarcinoma Not Reached, small cell 59 weeks.

      Conclusion
      A significant percentage of lung cancer patients are diagnosed with ECOG 2 performance status in every histological subtype. Minor differences existed with respect to clinical characteristicas and they benefit from receiving active therapy. This advantage seemed to be lesser in squanous carcinoma.

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      P2.24-036 - Erlotinib in metastatic, EGFR wild-type, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) as second or further line of therapy. (ID 3127)

      09:30 - 09:30  |  Author(s): A. Artal

      • Abstract

      Background
      Erlotinib (E) is a EGF-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) approved for the treatment of NSCLC after progression to first-line chemotherapy irrespective of EGFR status. Currently EGFR mutation is usually performed upfront upon diagnosis and most mutated patients are treated with first-line TKI's. Nowadays, patients candidates for second line therapies are EGFR-wild-type.

      Methods
      Medical records of EGFR-wild-type patients treated with E in second or further linesbetween March/2008 and March/2013 were reviewed.

      Results
      85 patients (p) were found. Characteristics: Median age 61 years (38-83), 76.5% were male. Tobacco: 42.4% were smokers and 45.9% former smokers. PS 0, 16p; 1, 50p; 2, 19p; by stage: IIIb 27p, IV 58 p. Histology: adenocarcinoma 48p, squamous-cell 25p, undifferentiated or non-specified 11p, adenosquamous 1p. E was given: 40% as second, 44.7% as third and 15.3% as fourth or subsequent line. Effectivity: Partial response 9.4%, Stable disease 48.2%, Progressive disease 41.2%, Not assessable 1%. Overall Survival (OS): median 22 weeks (w) (95% CI, 17.4-26 .7), progression free survival (PFS) 12w (95% CI ,9.8-14 .2). In smokers PFS was 12w also. In squamous carcinomas 10w. In males 11w (these differences were non significant). Toxicity: 92.9%p presented some side-effect: 70.5% rash (49p, G1; 11p, G2); diarrhea 34.1%p (25p, G1; 3p, G2; 1p, G3); asthenia 29.4%p (12p, G1; 6p, G2; 7p, G3); ocular 2.4%p (2p, G1) and digestive 9.5% (2p, G1; 1p, G2; 1p, G3). Dose was reduced in 12.9%p (7p 100 and 4p 125 mg/day). Treatment was interrupted in 7.1%p (median 14 days (range 7-23)); most common causes were G3 skin rash and diarrhea.

      Conclusion
      We described the efficacy of Erlotinib in day-to-day clinical practice when was given beyond the first-line treatment in advanced and metastatic NSCLC without EGFR mutation. Our results are in accordance with has been reported from clinical trials and may reflect its efficacy in clinical practice.

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    P3.01 - Poster Session 3 - Cancer Biology (ID 147)

    • Event: WCLC 2013
    • Type: Poster Session
    • Track: Biology
    • Presentations: 1
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      P3.01-015 - <b>Outcome in pemetrexed/cisplatin-treated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients according to mRNA expression levels of BRCA1, TS, AEG1 and REV3 </b> (ID 1170)

      09:30 - 09:30  |  Author(s): A. Artal

      • Abstract

      Background
      REV3, the catalytic subunit of the translesion synthesis (TLS) polymerase x, can continue replication past DNA adducts. Depletion of REV3 sensitizes A549 lung cancer cells to cisplatin. REV3 expression is part of a gene signature that predicted pemetrexed sensitivity in 17 NSCLC cell lines. BRCA1, TS, AEG1 and RAP80 are involved in DNA damage repair through homologous recombination. The homologous recombination and TLS pathways have non-redundant functions in response to cisplatin. We hypothesized that low mRNA expression of these genes – either alone or in combination – could confer improved outcome to cisplatin/pemetrexed in NSCLC patients.

      Methods
      REV3, BRCA1, RAP80, TS and AEG1 mRNA expression was examined by quantitative RT-PCR and categorized by terciles. Expression of each gene was correlated with outcome in 47 cisplatin/pemetrexed-treated NSCLC patients.

      Results
      63.8% male; 47% smokers; 80.9% ECOG PS 1; 80.8% adenocarcinoma. Overall response rate was 51%, with no differences according to expression levels of any of the genes. Progression-free survival (PFS) for patients with low, intermediate and high BRCA1 levels was 13.4, 5.5 and 3.9 months (m), respectively (P=0.005). Similar differences in PFS were observed according to TS (P=0.003) and AEG1 (P<0.001) expression. The hazard ratio (HR) for PFS for patients with high BRCA1 levels was 4 (P=0.002). Overall survival (OS) for patients with low, intermediate and high BRCA1 levels was 29.7, 7.4 and 6.3 m, respectively (P=0.05). Similar differences in OS were observed according to TS (P=0.005) and AEG1 (P=0.001) expression. HR for OS for patients with high BRCA1 levels was 3.6 (P=0.004). There were no differences in PFS or OS according to REV3 or RAP80 levels. However, the joint effect of BRCA1 and REV3 was significant for predictive modeling. PFS for patients with low, intermediate and high levels of both genes was 14.9, 7.2 and 2.8 m, respectively (P=0.001). OS for patients with low, intermediate and high levels of both genes was 29.7, 7.8 and 6.3 m, respectively (P=0.04).

      Conclusion
      Low BRCA1 expression predicts longer PFS and OS in pemetrexed/cisplatin-treated NSCLC p. Low TS and AEG1 levels have similar predictive value. The combination of low BRCA1 and REV3 expression confers longer PFS and OS. Analysis of these genes could be useful for customizing pemetrexed/platinum chemotherapy.

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    P3.06 - Poster Session 3 - Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers (ID 178)

    • Event: WCLC 2013
    • Type: Poster Session
    • Track: Biology
    • Presentations: 1
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      P3.06-035 - Study of the correlations between SNPs in angiogenic genes and treatment response/ outcome in patients with advanced NSCLC (non-squamous histology) treated in first line with carboplatin, paclitaxel and bevacizumab (CPB). The ANGIOMET study. (ID 2664)

      09:30 - 09:30  |  Author(s): A. Artal

      • Abstract

      Background
      It has been demonstrated that the addition of bevacizumab to paclitaxel plus carboplatin (CPB) in the treatment of advanced NSCLC improves survival. Even though, there is a high variability in drug efficacy between patients, leading to different response rates. ANGIOMET is an exploratory study promoted by the SLCG in advanced NSCLC, non-squamous histologies (NS-NSCLC) treated in first line with a combination scheme based in CPB, designed to investigate the relationship between angiogenic mediators and the outcome and response to treatment. The primary end-point was progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary end-points are the follows: OS, response-rates and toxicity profiles.

      Methods
      In this multicentric study, patients with stage IIIB/IV NS-NSCLC (ECOG status 0–2) were included and treated in first line with CPB. Peripheral blood samples were collected before treatment administration and DNA was purified from the leukocyte fraction. Ten SNPs of VEGF-pathway genes were genotyped in 186 samples by RT-PCR in duplicate. SNPs were related to PFS and OS (Kaplan-Meir method, log-rank test) and to response rate.

      Results
      10 SNPs were determined in 186 DNA samples. In this preliminary analysis there were data from 108 patients valid for PFS and OS analysis. Baseline characteristics of the patients were: median age, 63 years [37-80]; 74.5% male; 94.1% ECOG PS 0-1; 14% never-smokers, 100% caucasian; 89.7% adenocarcinomas, 2.8% large cell carcinomas; median number of CPB cycles was 4. There was no response assessment in 27 patients (25%), 30.6% PR, 31.5% SD and 13.0% PD. The SNP rs833061 (CC) in VEGFA correlated with lower response rates to CPB than the other genotypes (p=0.07). SNPs in KRAS and VEGFR2 were associated with PFS and/or OS in our cohort. The KRAS SNP rs10842513 (TT+CT) was associated with shorter PFS compared with the CC genotype (median: 5.39 vs 6.81 months; p=0.04, respectively). The VEGFR2 SNP rs2071559 (AA) was significantly associated with longer PFS and OS (Table 1). No significant differences in PFS or OS were observed according to other SNPs analyzed. Table 1: PFS and OS for VEGFR2 SNPrs2071559.

      PFS
      % Median (months) 95%CI p
      VEGFR2 (rs2071559)
      AA 25.6 9,408 5,084 - 13,732 0.01
      GG+AG 74.0 5,724 4,902 - 6,546
      OS
      % Median (months) 95%CI p
      VEGFR2 (rs2071559)
      AA 25.6 NR ---- 0.001
      GG+AG 74.0 12,270 8,760 – 15.780

      Conclusion
      These preliminary data indicate that genetic variation in VEGFR2, SNP rs2071559 variant AA, is associated with prognosis in advanced NS-NSCLC patients treated with CPB and may have predictive implications as biomarkers in patients treated with chemotherapy with bevacizumab. On behalf of the Spanish Lung Cancer Group (SLCG)