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J. Wang



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    MO06 - NSCLC - Chemotherapy I (ID 108)

    • Event: WCLC 2013
    • Type: Mini Oral Abstract Session
    • Track: Medical Oncology
    • Presentations: 1
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      MO06.13 - BEYOND: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, phase III study of first-line carboplatin/paclitaxel (CP) plus bevacizumab (Bv) or placebo (Pl) in Chinese patients with advanced or recurrent non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (ID 2756)

      17:25 - 17:30  |  Author(s): J. Wang

      • Abstract
      • Slides

      Background
      Bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits angiogenesis via the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, has proven efficacy in extending overall survival (OS) (Sandler et al, 2006) and progression-free survival (PFS) (Sandler et al, 2006; Reck et al, 2009) when added to platinum-doublet chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced non-squamous NSCLC. These pivotal studies included mainly Caucasian patients, however subgroup analyses in Asian patients also reported efficacy of the first-line Bv+CP regimen (Reck et al, 2009). The BEYOND study was initiated to confirm efficacy in a Chinese population.

      Methods
      Patients aged ≥18 years with histologically or cytologically confirmed, locally advanced, metastatic or recurrent advanced non-squamous NSCLC and an ECOG performance status of 0–1 were randomised 1:1 to receive CP (paclitaxel 175mg/m[2] i.v. and carboplatin AUC6 i.v. on day 1 of each 3-week cycle for up to 6 cycles), plus either Pl or Bv 15mg/kg i.v. on day 1 of each cycle, until progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal of patient consent or death. Patients had no prior treatment for advanced NSCLC. Patients were stratified by gender, smoking status and age. The primary endpoint was PFS in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population; secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), OS, exploratory biomarkers and safety. Collection of blood samples for biomarker analyses was mandatory (at baseline, every two cycles during treatment, at progression, and 4–6 weeks post-progression); tissue samples were optional.

      Results
      276 patients were randomised into the study, 138 to each arm. Baseline characteristics were similar in both treatment groups. PFS was prolonged with Bv+CP versus Pl+CP: hazard ratio 0.40 (95% CI 0.29–0.54); median 9.2 versus 6.5 months; p<0.0001 (ITT population). ORR was also improved with the addition of Bv to CP: 54.4% versus 26.3% with Pl+CP. Disease control rate was 94.4% versus 88.7% with Bv+CP and Pl+CP, respectively. Median duration of response was 8.0 months with Bv+CP versus 5.3 months with Pl+CP. OS data are not yet mature. Safety data were similar to previous studies of Bv+CP in NSCLC; no new safety signals were observed. Treatment discontinuation due to adverse events was 18.4% (Bv+CP) and 15.0% (Pl+CP). Treatment-related deaths were low in both arms (Bv+CP: 2.2%; Pl+CP: 0.0%). Detailed safety data and biomarker analyses will be reported.

      Conclusion
      This study confirms that the addition of bevacizumab to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy appears to provide similar PFS benefits in Chinese patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC compared with global populations. No new safety concerns were reported.

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    MO12 - Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers III (ID 96)

    • Event: WCLC 2013
    • Type: Mini Oral Abstract Session
    • Track: Medical Oncology
    • Presentations: 1
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      MO12.10 - Analysis of BIM Deletion polymorphism in Chinese Patients with NSCLC (ID 1083)

      11:25 - 11:30  |  Author(s): J. Wang

      • Abstract
      • Presentation
      • Slides

      Background
      Drug resistance significantly weakens the effect of treatment. BIM deletion polymorphism has emerged as a potential drug resistant biomarker. This study aimed at assessing the correlation of BIM deletion with the outcome of Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKIs ) and chemotherapy in Chinese NSCLC patients

      Methods
      290 patients with advanced NSCLC who received EGFR-TKIs and chemotherapy were included in this retrospective study. BIM deletion polymorphism and EGFR mutations were detected by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) respectively.

      Results
      BIM deletion polymorphism occurs commonly in Chinese NSCLC patients (15.5%, 45/290). No associations were observed between BIM deletion polymorphism with clinicopathology characteristics including sex, smoking and EGFR mutation status. BIM deletion polymorphism predicts shorter PFS in Chinese patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC received EGFR-TKIs (6.69 vs 8.47months, P=0.023). Meanwhile, we found that BIM deletion polymorphism is an effective predictor of short PFS in individuals with EGFR-mutant NSCLC treated with pemetrexed contained chemotherapy (3.32vs5.30, P=0.012) or with second-/beyond-line Taxanes contained chemotherapy (1.53 vs 2.61months, P=0.025) However, In the EGFR-wild type group, the difference is not significant for the former two groups. patients with this deletion are prone to suffering serious adverse event (SAE) (4.5% vs. 15.6%, P=0.018). BIM deletion lacks for correlation with OS. (21.87vs21.90months, P=0.627), even in the EGFR-mutant group.

      Conclusion
      BIM deletion polymorphism occurs in 15.5% Chinese NSCLC patients. BIM deletion polymorphism is a drug resistance biomarker for TKIs and chemotherapy in NSCLC. BIM deletion possibly affects OS, but not a decisive factor.

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    MO16 - Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers IV (ID 97)

    • Event: WCLC 2013
    • Type: Mini Oral Abstract Session
    • Track: Medical Oncology
    • Presentations: 1
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      MO16.03 - Cytoplasmic ERβexpression predicts poorly efficacy and survival of EGFR-TKI in EGFR mutant NSCLC (ID 2563)

      16:25 - 16:30  |  Author(s): J. Wang

      • Abstract
      • Presentation
      • Slides

      Background
      Estrogen receptor pathway has been reported to be interacted with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signal pathway. This study focused on the impact of intracellular ERβ localization (cytoplasmic or nuclear) on the efficacy of EGFR-TKI.

      Methods
      Tumor tissue specimens from 149 stage IV NSCLC patients treated with EGFR-TKI were analyzed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) for ER expression (ERαorβ) and their associations with clinicopathological variables and clinical outcomes. Significance of cyto-ERβ expression was further examined in NSCLC cell lines.

      Results
      The expression of ERα and ERβ was detected in 15% and 28.9% of the patients, respectively. Cyto-ERβ positive cases showed shortened progression free survival (PFS) compared with cyto- ERβ negative ones (3.1 months vs. 7.3 months, p=0.061). In the subgroup with concurrent EGFR mutation, the differences of PFS were enlarged with significant statistics (4.7 months vs. 10.9 months, p=0.042). COX’s proportional hazard model showed that female, EGFR mutation and c- ERβ negative expression were independent predictive factors for PFS. PC-9 cells present ERβ in cytoplasma as well as nucleus. Estrodial (E2) induced PC-9 cells moderately resistant to erlotinib with a 3-fold increase of IC50, and the resistance can be reversed by ER blocker (fulvestrant) or siRNA directed to ESR2. The function of E2 was accomplished by nongenomic activation (MAPK phosphorylation) caused by E2 via cyto- ERβ. Combination therapy with erlotinib and fulvestrant turned out to be far more effective than either treatment alone in PC-9 cells. Furthermore, 2 patients harboring both EGFR mutation and cyto-ERβ expression underwent PD of EGFR-TKIs, and re-obtained disease control after receiving combined EGFR-TKIs with fulvestrant.

      Conclusion
      Cyto-ERβ expression may predict relatively poor efficacy to EGFR-TKI compared with non- cyto-ERβ expression in NSCLC patients harboring EGFR mutation.

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    MO21 - Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers V - EGFR (ID 98)

    • Event: WCLC 2013
    • Type: Mini Oral Abstract Session
    • Track: Medical Oncology
    • Presentations: 1
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      MO21.09 - Dynamic, quantitative, and non-invasive analysis ofT790M mutation in matched plasma DNA from pre-and post-EGFR-TKI treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (ID 2568)

      11:20 - 11:25  |  Author(s): J. Wang

      • Abstract
      • Presentation
      • Slides

      Background
      Resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients (NSCLC) is attributed to the T790M mutation of EGFR. Here, we evaluated T790M mutation using dynamic, quantitative and non-invasive method and explored its role predicting outcomes of EGFR-TKI treatment.

      Methods
      We enrolled 135 EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC patients in the study. Pre- and post-EGFR-TKI treatment (pre-TKI and post-TKI, respectively) plasma samples were obtained for analysis. T790M mutation was measured qualitatively and quantitatively by the amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) and digital polymerase chain reaction (D-PCR).

      Results
      D-PCR was more sensitive than ARMS in detecting the T790M mutation (pre-TKI: 29.4% (32/109) vs 5.5% (6/109), P<0.001; post-TKI: 43.0% (58/135) vs 25.2% (34/135), P=0.001). Patients with a pre-TKI T790M mutation (N=32) showed shorter progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than patients without a T790M mutation (N=77) (9.2 vs 12.7 months, P=0.004; and 19.3 vs 31.9 months, P=0.001, respectively). No differences were observed in post-TKIPFS or OS (12.5 vs 12.2 months, P=0.744; and 27.0 vs 29.7 months, P=0.636, respectively). Post-treatment patients were divided into high-frequency (>4.375%) and low-frequency (≤4.375%) groups, according to the mutant T790M-to-wild-type gene ratio calculated from D-PCR results. Patients in the high-frequency group showed a significantly shorter OS than the low-frequency group (20.67 vs 29.13 months, P=0.009).

      Conclusion
      D-PCR is more sensitive than ARMS in detecting the T790M mutation. The presence of a pre-TKI T790M mutation and a high frequency of post-TKI T790M mutation predicted poor outcomes of EGFR-TKI treatment.

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    P1.06 - Poster Session 1 - Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers (ID 161)

    • Event: WCLC 2013
    • Type: Poster Session
    • Track: Biology
    • Presentations: 1
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      P1.06-038 - Single Cell Genomic Analyses of Circulating Tumor Cells from Lung Cancer Patients (ID 2509)

      09:30 - 09:30  |  Author(s): J. Wang

      • Abstract

      Background
      Circulating tumor cells (CTCs),which can be detected from peripheral blood, offer the potential for the assessment of clinical outcome. Whole genome sequencing of CTCs may provide comprehensive information related to tumor invasion and metastases, but has been hampered by their low abundance

      Methods
      From 7.5 ml peripheral blood, we captured with the CellSearch platform a small numberof CTCs, which, after further isolation with 95% specificity, were subject to whole genome amplification with Multiple Annealing and Looping-Based Amplification Cycles (MALBAC). The individual CTCs’ copy number variations (CNVs) were determined by whole-genome sequencing, and their single nucleotide variations (SNVs) and insertions/deletions (INDELs) were detected by exome sequencing.

      Results
      We sequenced 24 CTCs from four patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma and compared them with the matched primary/metastatic tumors. Patient 1 with EGFR mutation experienced a phenotypic transition from lung adenocarcinoma to small cell lung cancer in liver, and resistance to EGFR-TKIs. Individual CTCs from each patient exhibited reproducible copy number variation (CNV) patterns, which resembled those of the metastatic tumors. CTCs from different patients showed similar CNV patterns on certain chromosomes. Some rare single nucleotide variations (SNVs) and insertions/deletions (INDELs) in primary tumor, including those that may relate to drug resistance and phenotypic transition, were enriched in CTCs.

      Conclusion
      CTCs exhibit highly reproducible CNV patternswhich offer a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis and classification. The SNVs/INDELS in individual CTCs can be detected and provide molecular targets for personalized treatment.

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    P2.06 - Poster Session 2 - Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers (ID 165)

    • Event: WCLC 2013
    • Type: Poster Session
    • Track: Biology
    • Presentations: 1
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      P2.06-034 - Analysis of Sensitivity of Lung Squamous Carcinoma with EGFR Mutation to EGFR-TKIs and Resistant Mechanism (ID 2537)

      09:30 - 09:30  |  Author(s): J. Wang

      • Abstract

      Background
      Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene variation is one common driver mutation in lung cancer. In lung adenocarcinoma, EGFR mutations are the powerful predictors to the efficacy of EGFR-TKIs. However, the phenomenon seemed to be inconsistent in lung squamous carcinoma. The present study aims to investigate the sensitivity of lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) harboring EGFR mutation to EGFR-TKIs, and explore the likely molecular mechanisms through constructing EGFR mutant lung SCC cell lines and analyzing the results transcriptomics.

      Methods
      This study retrospectively enrolled 91 patients with advanced lung SCC who received EGFR-TKIs in Beijing University Cancer Hospital. Denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used for the detection of EGFR mutations and protein expressions of P63 and TTF-1, respectively. Stable cell lines were constructed through lipofectamine and confirmed by western-blot, soft agar cloning formation and tumoregeneity in nude mice. Cell titer Glo was used for cell number counting. RNASeq was used for the analysis of transcriptomics and related signaling pathways were screened in KEGG website. SPSS (17.0 version) was used for statistics.

      Results
      The frequency of EGFR mutation was 16.2% (64/396) in lung SCC. In lung cancer patients with EGFR mutation, lung SCC patients accounted for 7% (64/863), commonly in male (71.9%), smoker (59.4%) and EGFR exon 19DEL (64.1%). In total 91 patients who received EGFR-TKIs, the objective response rate (ORR) and the disease control rate (DCR) were 11.0% (10/91) and 56.0% (51/91) respectively and the progression-free survival (PFS) and the overall survival (OS) were 2.9 months and 16.3 months. In terms of 60 patients who provided EGFR mutated status, 29 patients harbored EGFR mutation and the other 31 without EGFR mutation. The PFS of the subgroup with EGFR mutation after EGFR-TKIs showed prolonged trend compared with that of the subgroup without EGFR mutation, however, the statistics failed to amount to significant difference (2.4 months vs. 1.8 months, p=0.071). No statistical differences were observed in PFS ORR, DCR and OS between the two subgroups. IHC results demonstrated that most of lung SCC patients harboring EGFR mutation showed P63 positive and TTF-1 negative (15/18). We then constructed lung SCC cell lines with EGFR mutation (Beas-2B/EGFR 19DEL cell line and Beas-2B/EGFR 21L858 cell line), which showed resistant to erlotinib with the IC50 of 3.43±0.56μM和11.9±1.18μM. After the treatment of erlotinib, the mainly up-regulated signaling pathways included TGFβ pathway and hedgehog pathway, and RNA levels of some mesenchymal genes were also up-regulated.

      Conclusion
      Lung SCCs with EGFR mutation were not uncommon, who showed insensitivity and even resistance to EGFR-TKIs. The likely molecular mechanisms included TGFβ related epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor stem cell like differentiation, and the upregulation of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4).

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    P3.10 - Poster Session 3 - Chemotherapy (ID 210)

    • Event: WCLC 2013
    • Type: Poster Session
    • Track: Medical Oncology
    • Presentations: 1
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      P3.10-013 - Open-label, randomized multicentre, phase II trial of Oral vinorelbine (NVBo) or intravenous vinorelbine (NVBiv) with cisplatin (CDDP) in patients (pts) with advanced Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): A Chinese experience (CA225 study) (ID 1188)

      09:30 - 09:30  |  Author(s): J. Wang

      • Abstract

      Background
      Aim of the study: to evaluate efficacy (CR, PR) of the two formulations with CDDP in advanced NSCLC. Secondary objectives were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and safety.

      Methods
      NVBo, 60 mg/m² (Arm A) and NVBiv, 25 mg/m² (Arm B) were delivered on D1, D8, repeated every 3 weeks. Doses were increased at cycle 2 (NVBo 80 mg/m[2], NVBiv 30 mg/m[2]) according to hematological tolerance. CDDP doses were 80 mg/m[2] D1 every 3 weeks in both arms. Pts received a maximum of 4 cycles in absence of progression.

      Results
      Between 1/2008 and 6/2009, 132 pts were randomized at 6 investigational centres (cut-off date for final analysis: August, 31[st] 2012 - Arm A 67 pts, Arm B 65 pts). One patient in Arm A was not treated. Among the 131 pts analyzed by an independent panel review, PR was 25.8% (95% CI [15.8-38.0]) in Arm A and 23.1% (95% CI [13.5-35.2]) in Arm B, and disease control (PR+SD) 72.7% (95% CI [60.4-83.0]) in Arm A and 72.3% (95% CI [59.8-82.8]) in Arm B. PFS (months) was 6.2 [3.8-7.7] for Arm A and 6.2 [4.9-7.8] for Arm B. One Year Survival was 59% and 61.6 in Arm A and Arm B, respectively, Two Years Survival: 39% Arm A, 38.7% Arm B, and 30 months Survival 29.2% Arm A, 26.9% Arm B. Median dose intensity (DI): NVBo 44.7 mg/m²/week, NVBiv 15.6 mg/m²/week. Relative dose intensity (RDI): NVBo 89.3%, NVBiv 81.5%. The CDDP median DI was 24.6 mg/m[2]/week in Arm A and 24.5 mg/m[2]/week in Arm B, with a RDI of 92.1% and 91.6% respectively. Grade 3/4 neutropenia: 29 pts and 43 cycles Arm A, 56 pts and 106 cycles Arm B. Febrile neutropenia : 4 (6.1%) pts Arm A, 6 (9.2%) pts Arm B. Grade 3 anaemia : 6 (9.1%) pts and 10 cycles Arm A, 13 pts (20%) and 18 cycles Arm B, with grade 4 anaemia in 3 (4.6%) pts and 5 cycles only in arm B. The most frequent non hematological disorders were nausea (8 pts Grade 3 - 12.1% Arm A; 6 pts Grade 3 - 9.2% Arm B) and vomiting (10 pts Grade 3 - 15.2%, 1 pt Grade 4 - 1.5% Arm A; 9 pts Grade 3 - 13.8%, 1 pt Grade 4 - 1.5% Arm B). Diarrhea was reported in 15 (22.7%) and 9 (13.8%) pts in Arm A and Arm B, respectively.

      Conclusion
      Both arms testing NVBo and NVBiv with CDDP reported similar efficacy results in term of Response Rate, PFS and OS, coupled with an optimal safety profile. NVBo is a step forward in the treatment of NSCLC since it optimises treatment convenience thanks to its oral formulation while maintaining a high level of efficacy.