Author of

• 20122

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  MA 05 - Immuno-Oncology: Novel Biomarker Candidates (ID 658)

  • Event: WCLC 2017
  • Type: Mini Oral
  • Track: Immunology and Immunotherapy
  • Presentations: 1
  • Moderators:Yoichi Nakanishi, P. Mitchell
  • Coordinates: 10/16/2017, 15:45 - 17:30, Room 303 + 304

  • 22968

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    MA 05.02 - STK11/LKB1 Loss of Function Genomic Alterations Predict Primary Resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 Axis Blockade in KRAS-Mutant NSCLC (ID 10367)

    15:50 - 15:55  |  Author(s): M.E. Goldberg
    • Abstract
    • Presentation
    • Slides

    Background:
    The genomic landscape of primary resistance to PD-1 blockade in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is largely unknown. We previously reported that co-mutations in STK11/LKB1 (KL) or TP53 (KP) define subgroups of KRAS-mutant LUAD with distinct therapeutic vulnerabilities and immune profiles. Here, we present updated data on the clinical efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in co-mutation defined KRAS mutant and wild-type LUAD patients and examine the relationship between genetic alterations in individual genes, tumor cell PD-L1 expression and tumor mutational burden (TMB) using cohorts form the SU2C/ACS Lung Cancer Dream Team and Foundation Medicine (FM).
    
    Method:
    The cohorts included 924 LUAD with NGS (FM cohort) and 188 patients with KRAS non-squamous NSCLC (SU2C cohort) who received at least one cycle of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy and had available molecular profiling. Tumor cell PD-L1 expression was tested using E1L3N IHC (SU2C) and the VENTANA PD-L1 (SP142) assay (FM). TMB was defined as previously described and was classified as high (TMB-H), intermediate (TMB-I) or low (TMB-L).
    
    Result:
    188 immunotherapy-treated (83.5% nivolumab, 11.7% pembrolizumab, 4.8% anti-PD1/PD-L1 plus anti-CTLA-4) pts with KRAS-mutant NSCLC were included in the efficacy analysis. The ORR differed significantly between the KL (8.8%), KP (35.9%) and K-only sub-groups (27.3%) (P=0.0011, Fisher’s exact test). KL LUAC exhibited significantly shorter PFS (mPFS 1.8m vs 2.7m, HR=0.53, 95% CI 0.34-0.84, P<0.001, log-rank test) and OS (mOS 6.8m vs 15.6m, HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.84, P=0.0072, log rank test) compared to KRAS-mutant NSCLC with wild-type STK11. Loss-of function (LOF) genetic alterations in STK11 were the only significantly enriched event in PD-L1 negative, TMB-I/H compared to PD-L1 high positive (TPS≥50%), TMB-I/H tumors in the overall FMI cohort (Bonferroni adjusted P=2.38x10[-4], Fisher’s exact test) and among KRAS-mutant tumors (adjusted P=0.05, Fisher’s exact test) . Notably, PD-1 blockade demonstrated activity among 10 PD-L1-negative KP tumors, with 3 PRs and 4SDs recorded. In syngeneic isogenic murine models PD-1 blockade significantly inhibited the growth of Kras mutant tumors with wild-type LKB1 (K), but not those with LKB1 loss (KL), providing evidence that LKB1 loss can play a causative role in promoting PD-1 inhibitor resistance.
    
    Conclusion:
    Loss of function genomic alterations in STK11 represent a dominant driver of de novo resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in KRAS-mutant NSCLC. In addition to tumor PD-L1 status and tumor mutational burden precision immunotherapy approaches should take into consideration the STK11 status of individual tumors.
    
    

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